期刊
MOLECULAR CELL
卷 81, 期 14, 页码 2989-+出版社
CELL PRESS
DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2021.05.027
关键词
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资金
- NIH [P01 CA092584, R35CA220430, RO1 CA129537, RO1 GM109768, P30 GM124169, R01 GM124149]
- Robert A. Welch Chemistry Chair
- Cancer Prevention and Research Institute of Texas (CPRIT) [RP180813]
- Houston Methodist Research Institute
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) [1R01ES029680]
- CPRIT [RP180813, RP180463]
- National Science Foundation (NSF) [ACI1134872]
The study reveals the critical role of ATR kinase, BLM helicase, and EXO5 nuclease in coordinating DNA replication fork restart, contributing to cell survival and genomic stability. Elevated EXO5 levels in tumors may lead to increased mutation loads and decreased patient survival rates.
Stalled DNA replication fork restart after stress as orchestrated by ATR kinase, BLM helicase, and structure specific nucleases enables replication, cell survival, and genome stability. Here we unveil human exonuclease V (EXO5) as an ATR-regulated DNA structure-specific nuclease and BLM partner for replication fork restart. We find that elevated EXO5 in tumors correlates with increased mutation loads and poor patient survival, suggesting that EXO5 upregulation has oncogenic potential. Structural, mechanistic, and mutational analyses of EXO5 and EXO5-DNA complexes reveal a single-stranded DNA binding channel with an adjacent ATR phosphorylation motif (T88Q89) that regulates EXO5 nuclease activity and BLM binding identified by mass spectrometric analysis. EXO5 phospho-mimetic mutant rescues the restart defect from EXO5 depletion that decreases fork progression, DNA damage repair, and cell survival. EXO5 depletion furthermore rescues survival of FANCA-deficient cells and indicates EXO5 functions epistatically with SMARCAL1 and BLM. Thus, an EXO5 axis connects ATR and BLM in directing replication fork restart.
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