Bilinear Backlund transformation, breather- and travelling-wave solutions for a (2+1)-dimensional extended Kadomtsev-Petviashvili II equation in fluid mechanics

Fluid-mechanics studies are applied in mechanical engineering, biomedical engineering, oceanography, meteorology and astrophysics. In this paper, we investigate a (2+1)-dimensional extended Kadomtsev-Petviashvili II equation in fluid mechanics. Based on the Hirota bilinear method, we give a bilinear Backlund transformation. Via the extended homoclinic test technique, we construct the breather-wave solutions under certain constraints. We obtain the velocities of the breather waves, which depend on the coefficients in that equation. Besides, we derive the lump solutions with the periods of the breather-wave solutions tending to the infinity. Based on the polynomial-expansion method, travelling-wave solutions are constructed. We observe that the shapes of a breather wave and a lump remain unchanged during the propagation. We graphically discuss the effects of those coefficients on the breather wave and lump.

Automated summary

This paper investigates a (2+1)-dimensional extended Kadomtsev-Petviashvili II equation in fluid mechanics, deriving breather-wave and lump solutions using various methods, and analyzing the effects of coefficients on them.