Smartphone-based indoor localization techniques: State-of-the-art and classification

Smartphone is now undeniably essential and a very functional tool for everyone. As the need for more powerful computations, faster communications, and more sophisticated location-based services, the number of powerful embedded sensors also becomes indispensable in smartphones. Leveraging the huge collection of raw data coming from these commodity sensors gives birth to a myriad of mobile applications that are mostly centered on the users' location. This survey explores the sensing capabilities of different smartphone sensors and how they become more functional in the context of wireless-based localization. It identifies the different techniques toward efficient indoor localization using the modalities inherent in smartphones. A taxonomy based on the notable approaches used in the system such as mapping, path loss prediction, and dead reckoning is also defined. The strengths and weaknesses of each system and identify and compare the technologies used are highlighted. Finally, open issues and challenges for future works are presented.

Automated summary

Smartphones with powerful embedded sensors have become indispensable tools for various location-based mobile applications. This survey explores the sensing capabilities of smartphone sensors and efficient indoor localization techniques, categorizing notable approaches such as mapping and dead reckoning. Strengths and weaknesses of different systems, as well as technologies used, are analyzed, and future challenges are discussed.