MiR-375: A novel multifunctional regulator

MiR-375, a primitively described beta cell-specific miRNA, is confirmed to function as multi-functional regulator in diverse typical cellular pathways according to the follow-up researches. Based on the existing studies, miR-375 can regulate many functional genes and ectopic expressions of miR-375 are usually associated with pathological changes, and its expression regulation mechanism is mainly related to promoter methylation or circRNA. In this review, the regulatory functions of miR-375 in immunity, such as its relevance with macrophages, T helper cells and autoimmune diseases were briefly discussed. Also, the functions of miR-375 involved in inflammation, development and virus replication were reviewed. Finally, the mechanisms and application prospects of miR-375 in cancers were analyzed. Studies show that the application of miR-375 as therapeutic target and biomarker has a broad developing space in future. We hope this paper can provide reference for its further study.

Automated summary

MiR-375 is a miRNA initially described as beta cell-specific, but subsequent research has shown its multi-functional regulatory role in various cellular pathways. It can regulate many functional genes, with its ectopic expression often associated with pathological changes, mainly regulated by promoter methylation or circRNA. Its functions in immunity, inflammation, development, virus replication, and cancer have been reviewed, showing potential as a therapeutic target and biomarker in the future.