期刊
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
卷 512, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2021.230415
关键词
Continuum damage; Li-ion battery; Cathode capacity-loss; NMC 532
资金
- U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-AC36-08GO28308, DE-AC07-05ID14517]
- U.S. DOE Office of Vehicle Technology Energy Storage Program, eXtreme Fast Charge and Cell Evaluation of Lithium-Ion Batteris (XCEL) Program
The study develops a damage model based on NMC 532 secondary cathode particles to explore the influence of particle sizes on damage and determine charging profiles that reduce cathode fracture. It is found that small secondary particles with large grains experience significantly less damage compared to larger particles with small grains, and that most of the damage accumulates in the initial cycles.
In this article, we develop a 3D, continuum-level damage model implemented on statistically generated LixNi0.5Mn0.3Co0.2O2 (NMC 532) secondary cathode particles. The primary motivation of the particle-level model is to inform cathode-particle design through detailed exploration of the influence of secondary and primary particle sizes on the damage predicted during operation, and determine charging profiles that reduce cathode fracture. The model considers NMC 532 secondary particles containing an agglomeration of anisotropic, randomly oriented grains. These brittle, Ni-based cathodes are prone to mechanical degradation, which reduces overall battery cycle life. The model predicts that secondary-particle fracture is primarily due to non-ideal grain interactions and high-rate charge demands. The model predicts that small secondary-particles with large grains develop significantly less damage than larger secondary particles with small grains. The model predicts most of the chemo-mechanical damage accumulates in the first few cycles. The chemo-mechanical model predicts monotonically increasing capacity fade with cycling and rate. Comparing to experimental results, the model is well suited for capturing initial capacity fade mechanisms, but additional physics is required to capture long-term capacity fade effects.
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