Large Amplitude Motions in 2,3-Dimethylfluorobenzene: Steric Effects Failing to Interpret Hindered Methyl Torsion

The microwave spectrum of 2,3-dimethylfluorobezene, one of the six isomers of dimethylfluorobenzene, was recorded using a pulsed molecular jet Fourier transform microwave spectrometer operating in the frequency range from 2 to 26.5 GHz. The internal rotations of two inequivalent methyl groups, causing splittings of up to several hundred MHz of all rotational energy levels into quintets, were analyzed and modeled. The torsional barriers of the methyl groups at the ortho and the meta positions were determined to be 215.5740(56) cm(-1) and 488.53(11) cm(-1). A comparison with the barrier heights observed for the two isomers 2,6-dimethylfluorobenzene and 3,4-dimethylfluorobenzene has shown that the methyl group at the meta position seems to be invisible to its neighboring ortho-methyl group, while the meta-methyl group clearly senses the ortho one. Steric effects are not able to explain this observation, and electrostatic effects are most probably the reason. Highly accurate molecular parameters determined experimentally were compared with those obtained from quantum chemical calculations at different levels of theory.

Automated summary

The microwave spectrum of 2,3-dimethylfluorobezene was analyzed to determine the torsional barriers of methyl groups at different positions. It was found that the meta-methyl group can sense the presence of the ortho-methyl group, possibly due to electrostatic effects.