Green-Inspired Fabrication of Silver Nanoparticles and Examine its Potential In-Vitro Cytotoxic and Antibacterial Activities

The present work demonstrates the non-hazardous and environmentally benevolent green fabrication of silver nanoparticles using Terminalia chebula (T. chebula) seed extract. Characterization of silver nanoparticles was carried out by UV- Vis spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), atomic force microscopic (AFM) analysis, scanning electron microscopic (SEM) and transmission electron microscopic (TEM). The appearance of surface plasmon resonance peak at 440 UV-Vis spectra revealed the production of silver nanoparticles. The XRD analysis exhibited that the silver nanoparticles were crystalline. The SEM and AFM analysis represented that the synthesized silver nanoparticles were polydispersed with size ranges from 30 to 150 nm. TEM observations showed the production of differently shaped silver nanoparticles includes hexagonal and spherical. The LC-MS data revealed phenolic acids like ellagic acid, gallic acid, chebulic acid, and corilagin in the seed extract of T. chebula. The T. chebula seed extract fabricated silver nanoparticles displayed potent activity against Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Helicobacter pylori. Besides, the cytotoxic activity of the silver nanoparticles was examined against the McCoy fibroblast cell line. Herein, the viability of cells was highly inhibited at 100 mu g/ml, and the IC50 value was obtained at 67.26 mu g/ml. The apoptosis and nuclear fragmentation induction of silver nanoparticles was identified by DAPI staining assay.

Automated summary

This work demonstrates the environmentally friendly green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Terminalia chebula seed extract, which showed potent antibacterial activity and cytotoxicity against different pathogens and cancer cell lines. Characterization of the silver nanoparticles revealed unique properties and shapes, with the production of crystalline particles. Moreover, the presence of phenolic acids in the seed extract further enhances the potential applications of these nanoparticles in various fields.