期刊
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
卷 411, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124928
关键词
Alkaline and zinc-carbon batteries; Recycling; KALDO furnace; Pyrometallurgy
资金
- MISTRA (The Swedish Foundation for Strategic Environmental Research)
By pyrometallurgically treating black mass materials from spent alkaline and zinc-carbon batteries, valuable Mn-Zn, ZnO, and MnO products are produced for applications such as micronutrient fertilizer, zinc metal, and manganese alloy. This proposed scenario significantly enhances the recovery efficiency of the batteries.
Spent alkaline and zinc-carbon batteries contain valuable elements (notably, Zn and Mn), which need to be recovered to keep a circular economy. In this study, the black mass materials from those spent batteries are pyrometallurgically treated via a series of process steps in a pilot-scale KALDO furnace to produce an Mn?Zn product, a ZnO product, and an MnO (manganese monoxide) product, toward applications of Mn?Zn micronutrient fertilizer, zinc metal, and manganese alloy, respectively. After an oxidative roasting step, an Mn?Zn product, containing 43% Mn, 22% Zn, and negligible amounts of toxic elements (notably, Cd, Hg, and Pb), could be produced, being suitable for the micronutrient fertilizer application. After a reductive roasting step, a ZnO product and an MnO product are produced. The attained ZnO product, containing up to 84.6% ZnO, is suitable for zinc metal production when the leaching steps are taken to remove most of the Cl and F in the product. The attained MnO product, containing up to 91.7% MnO, is of premium quality for manganese alloy production, preferably for SiMn alloy production due to its low phosphorus content. The proposed application scenarios could substantially improve the recovery efficiency of those spent batteries.
作者
我是这篇论文的作者
点击您的名字以认领此论文并将其添加到您的个人资料中。
推荐
暂无数据