期刊
JOURNAL OF AUTOIMMUNITY
卷 122, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2021.102689
关键词
Autoimmunity; Interleukin (IL)-21; CD4 T cells; CD8 T cells; Resident memory
类别
资金
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke of the National Institute of Health [F31AI142997, R01NS088367, R01NS092662]
- Penn State College of Medicine Finkelstein Memorial Student Research Award
Elevated interleukin (IL)-21, primarily produced by CD4 T cells, plays a role in promoting effector functions and memory differentiation of CD8 T cells in chronic infections and cancer. Its significance in autoimmune diseases, where the CD4 T cell-derived IL-21:IL21R signaling in CD8 T cells is not fully understood, is still being evaluated.
Elevated interleukin (IL)-21 is a common finding in the tissues and/or sera of patients with autoimmune disease. CD4 T cells are the primary producers of IL-21; often the IL-21 producing CD4 T cells will express molecules associated with follicular helper cells (TFH). Recent work has shown that the CD4 T cell-derived IL-21 is able to promote effector functions and memory differentiation of CD8 T cells in chronic infections and cancer. Autoimmunity has similarities to chronic infections and cancer. However, CD4 T cell-derived IL-21:IL21R signaling in CD8 T cells has not been fully appreciated in the context of autoimmunity. In this review, we assess the current knowledge regarding CD4 T cell-derived IL-21 and IL21R signaling within CD8 T cells and evaluate what implications it has within several autoimmune diseases including systemic lupus erythematous, rheumatoid arthritis, juvenile idiopathic arthritis, type 1 diabetes mellitus, psoriasis, Sjo center dot gren's syndrome, vitiligo, antiphospholipid syndrome, pemphigus, and giant cell arteritis.
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