期刊
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION
卷 24, 期 6, 页码 610-621出版社
TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2021.1960478
关键词
Constructed wetlands; phosphorus removal; Phragmites australis; plant uptake; Schoenoplectus californicus
资金
- Agencia Nacional de Investigacion y Desarrollo ANID/Scholarship Program/DOCTORADO BECAS CHILE [2018-21180207]
- [ANID/FONDAP/15130015]
The study evaluated long-term phosphorus retention efficiency in a pilot-scale constructed wetland system over nearly 8 years. Both Schoenoplectus californicus and Phragmites australis showed significant phosphorus removal efficiency, with factors such as phosphorus loading rate, hydraulic loading rate, and dissolved oxygen being correlated with long-term retention. Plant uptake of phosphorus increased with operational years, with warmer seasons showing higher efficiency in phosphorus uptake.
The aim of this study was to evaluate long-term phosphorus (P) retention in a pilot-scale system made of four horizontal subsurface flow (HSSF) constructed wetlands for wastewater treatment. Each wetland had an area of 4.5 m(2) and was operated for nearly 8 years (2833 days). Two wetlands with Schoenoplectus californicus (HSSF-Sch) and the other two with Phragmites australis (HSSF-Phr) were planted. The P removal efficiency was 18% for both types of HSSF wetlands. The primary factors that correlated with long-term P retention efficiency in HSSF were phosphorus loading rate (PLR), hydraulic loading rate (HLR) and dissolved oxygen (DO). Average biomass production of HSSF-Phr and HSSF-Sch was 4.8 and 12.1 kg dry weight (DW)/m(2), respectively. The P uptake by the plant increased over the years of operation from 1.8 gP/m2 to 7.1 gP/m2 for Phragmites and from 3.2 to 7.4 gP/m2 for Schoenoplectus over the same periods. Moreover, the warm season (S/Sm) was more efficient reaching 14% P uptake than the cold season (F/W) with 9%. These results suggest that both plants' P retention capacity in HSSF systems represents a sustainable treatment in the long term. Novelty statement Long-term (8 years) phosphorus uptake by Schoenoplectus californicus and Phragmites australis and retention in pilot-scale constructed wetlands are evaluated. Schoenoplectus californicus is an uncommon species that has been less studied for phosphorus uptake compared to Phragmites australis, a globally known species in constructed wetlands. Moreover, some studies evaluating the performance of constructed wetland systems for domestic wastewater treatment are usually limited in time (1-3 years). Therefore, this long-term study demonstrates that the plant plays an important role in phosphorus retention, especially the species Schoenoplectus californicus. So, the phosphorus uptake by plants can contribute between 9 and 14% of the phosphorus load of constructed wetland systems in early years of operation.
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