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Existing Drugs Considered as Promising in COVID-19 Therapy

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Remdesivir in the treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): a simplified summary

Mohamed A. Hendaus

Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic is caused by a highly contagious respiratory disease due to a novel coronavirus. Reusing drugs and exploring their novel uses can accelerate the development of treatments for diseases. Remdesivir is considered a strong candidate for treating COVID-19.

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Yi Jiang et al.

Summary: COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2 has become a global pandemic, with efforts focused on developing therapeutic interventions, such as the approved emergency use of the nucleotide analog remdesivir. Studies have revealed the mechanisms of RNA recognition by RdRp and inhibition by nucleotide inhibitors, providing insights for drug development targeting RdRp.

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Coronavirus Disease 2019 Patients in Earlier Stages Exhaled Millions of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Per Hour

Jianxin Ma et al.

Summary: COVID-19 patients exhale millions of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 RNA copies per hour, which is crucial in the transmission of the disease. Exhaled breath has a higher positivity rate compared to surface and air samples, indicating its potential role in spreading the virus.

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Review Chemistry, Medicinal

COVID-19 drug repurposing: A review of computational screening methods, clinical trials, and protein interaction assays

Xueqing Wang et al.

Summary: Researchers worldwide are actively seeking cures for COVID-19, with drug repurposing being an important method. This review categorizes COVID-19 drug repurposing research into clinical trials, computational research, and in vitro experiments, organizing drugs by mechanisms of action and efficacy measured by clinical trials to guide future drug discovery efforts.

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Review Pediatrics

A national consensus management pathway for paediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome temporally associated with COVID-19 (PIMS-TS): results of a national Delphi process

Rachel Harwood et al.

Summary: PIMS-TS is a newly discovered condition associated with COVID-19, and a national consensus management pathway has been developed for UK clinicians caring for affected children. The guidance emphasizes the importance of a multidisciplinary team in decision-making and recommends treatment options including supportive care, immunoglobulin, steroids, and biological therapies. This guidance provides a solid framework for clinicians caring for children with PIMS-TS in the UK and will be updated based on future evidence.

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被撤回的出版物: Efficacy of favipiravir in COVID-19 treatment: a multi-center randomized study (Retracted article. See vol. 167, pg. 277, 2022)

Hany M. Dabbous et al.

Summary: Favipiravir shows promising efficacy in the treatment of COVID-19, reducing hospital stay and the need for mechanical ventilation.

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6-month consequences of COVID-19 in patients discharged from hospital: a cohort study (Publication with Expression of Concern. See vol. 401, pg. 90, 2023)

Chaolin Huang et al.

Summary: This study aimed to investigate the long-term health consequences of discharged COVID-19 patients and associated risk factors, particularly disease severity. Patients with more severe illness during hospitalization showed more severe impaired pulmonary diffusion capacities and abnormal chest imaging manifestations, highlighting the need for targeted interventions for long-term recovery.

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Baricitinib plus Remdesivir for Hospitalized Adults with Covid-19

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Summary: Combination treatment with baricitinib plus remdesivir was superior to remdesivir alone in reducing recovery time and accelerating improvement in clinical status among patients with Covid-19, notably among those receiving high-flow oxygen or noninvasive ventilation. The combination was associated with fewer serious adverse events.

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Mechanism of SARS-CoV-2 polymerase stalling by remdesivir

Goran Kokic et al.

Summary: Remdesivir is the only FDA-approved drug for treating COVID-19 patients, working by inhibiting the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) of coronaviruses. It hinders RNA synthesis and impairs proofreading by the viral 3'-exonuclease, leading to a stalled replication process.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2021)

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Effect of tocilizumab on clinical outcomes at 15 days in patients with severe or critical coronavirus disease 2019: randomised controlled trial

Viviane C. Veiga et al.

Summary: The study found that in patients with severe or critical COVID-19, tocilizumab in combination with standard care was not superior to standard care alone in improving clinical outcomes at 15 days, and it might increase mortality.

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Effect of anakinra versus usual care in adults in hospital with COVID-19 and mild-to-moderate pneumonia (CORIMUNO-ANA-1): a randomised controlled trial

Xavier Mariette et al.

Summary: The study aimed to determine the effectiveness of anakinra in improving outcomes of patients with mild-to-moderate COVID-19 pneumonia, but the results showed that anakinra did not show improvement in patient outcomes. Further studies are needed to assess the efficacy of anakinra in other selected groups of patients with more severe COVID-19.

LANCET RESPIRATORY MEDICINE (2021)

Review Medicine, Research & Experimental

Emerging treatment strategies for COVID-19 infection

Maria Gavriatopoulou et al.

Summary: COVID-19 is a novel emerging infectious disease caused by SARS-CoV-2 originating from Wuhan, China and has led to a worldwide pandemic. The typical manifestations include fever, sore throat, and dyspnea, with supportive care being the current standard of treatment as effective antiviral options are still lacking.

CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE (2021)

Review Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Antivirals for COVID-19: A critical review

Andri Frediansyah et al.

Summary: No specific drugs have been approved for COVID-19 to date, so evaluating and utilizing currently available antiviral drugs is crucial. Research includes assessments of efficacy, in vitro studies, and clinical use results of these antivirals against the COVID-19 pandemic.

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Michelle L. Holshue et al.

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COVID-19 in the pediatric population

Ayman Abdelmaksoud et al.

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Janus kinase inhibitor baricitinib is not an ideal option for management of COVID-19

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Chi Zhang et al.

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Xiaoling Xu et al.

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Laboratory findings of COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis

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COVID-19 epidemic: Disease characteristics in children

Jiatong She et al.

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Use of antiviral drugs to reduce COVID-19 transmission

Oriol Mitja et al.

LANCET GLOBAL HEALTH (2020)

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The QT interval in patients with COVID-19 treated with hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin

Ehud Chorin et al.

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Review: Hydroxychloroquine and Chloroquine for Treatment of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19)

Katelyn A. Pastick et al.

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Remdesivir for 5 or 10 Days in Patients with Severe Covid-19

Jason D. Goldman et al.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2020)

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Remdesivir for the Treatment of Covid-19-Final Report

John H. Beigel et al.

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A Trial of Lopinavir-Ritonavir in Adults Hospitalized with Severe Covid-19

B. Cao et al.

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Mild or Moderate Covid-19

Rajesh T. Gandhi et al.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2020)

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Remdesivir, lopinavir, emetine, and homoharringtonine inhibit SARS-CoV-2 replication in vitro

Ka-Tim Choy et al.

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Pathogenesis of COVID-19-induced ARDS: implications for an ageing population

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Chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Facts, fiction and the hype: a critical appraisal

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Epidemic update of COVID-19 in Hubei Province compared with other regions in China

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