Marangoni hybrid nanofluid flow over a permeable infinite disk embedded in a porous medium

The importance of porous medium and hybrid nanofluid in the augmentation of heat transfer process has been realized by the researchers. Hence, a numerical boundary layer exploration towards Marangoni hybrid nanofluid flow over a permeable infinite disk placed in a porous medium is carried out. 1% volume fraction of alumina is hybridized with (0.01 - 1)% volume fraction of copper in the water. The solver in Matlab software (bvp4c) is applied to enumerate the solutions. The non-unique (dual) solutions are discoverable for the shrinking disk and only the first solution is real. The upsurges of copper volume fraction, porosity and suction parameters enable the heat transfer rate to enhance and decelerate the boundary layer bifurcation at the shrinking disk.

Automated summary

Researchers have realized the importance of porous medium and hybrid nanofluid in enhancing heat transfer process. By exploring Marangoni hybrid nanofluid flow over a permeable infinite disk in a porous medium, it was found that increases in copper volume fraction, porosity, and suction parameters can enhance heat transfer rate and decelerate boundary layer bifurcation at the shrinking disk.