Thiophosphonium-Alkyne Cycloaddition Reactions: A Heavy Congener of the Carbonyl-Alkyne Metathesis

While the metathesis reaction between alkynes and thiocarbonyl compounds has been thoroughly studied, the reactivity of alkynes with isoelectronic main group R2E= S compounds is rarely reported and unknown for [R2P= S]+ analogues. We show that thiophosphonium ions, which are the isoelectronic phosphorus congeners to thiocarbonyl compounds, undergo [2 + 2]-cycloaddition reactions with different alkynes to generate 1,2-thiaphosphete ions. The four-membered ring species are in an equilibrium state with the corresponding P=C-C=S heterodiene structure and thus undergo hetero-Diels-Alder reactions with acetonitrile. Heteroatom and substituent effects on the energy profile of the 1,2-thiaphosphete formation were elucidated by means of quantum chemical methods.

Automated summary

In this study, it was found that thiophosphonium ions can undergo [2 + 2]-cycloaddition reactions with alkynes to generate 1,2-thiaphosphete ions, which can further react with acetonitrile through hetero-Diels-Alder reactions. The energy profile of 1,2-thiaphosphete formation was elucidated by quantum chemical methods, considering heteroatom and substituent effects.