期刊
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER SYSTEMS
卷 36, 期 5, 页码 4355-4365出版社
IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
DOI: 10.1109/TPWRS.2021.3058936
关键词
Batteries; Real-time systems; Optimization; Mathematical model; Wind farms; Uncertainty; Europe; Balancing market; battery energy storage; conditional-value-at-risk; joint energy-reserve market; MPEC
资金
- European Union [863876]
This paper introduces a bilevel optimization problem for strategic participation of a BES in the day-ahead energy-reserve and balancing markets, considering risk-averse BES owners can hedge their day-ahead position without jeopardizing their expected profit while ensuring the feasibility of their day-ahead schedule.
Securing profits from energy, reserve capacity and balancing markets is critical to ensure the profitability of battery energy systems (BES). However, the intimate connection between offers on these trading floors combined with the limited energy storage capacity of BES renders its scheduling very complex. In this paper, we develop a bilevel optimization problem for strategic participation of a BES in the day-ahead energy-reserve and balancing markets, improving the state-of-the-art by (i) considering the conditional-value-at-risk; (ii) ensuring the real-time feasibility of the obtained day-ahead schedule; (iii) addressing the operational underperformance risk stemming from inaccurate battery modeling. In a case study, we illustrate how the proposed model allows risk-averse BES owners to hedge their day-ahead position without jeopardizing their expected profit, while ensuring the feasibility of their day-ahead schedule.
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