期刊
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER SYSTEMS
卷 36, 期 4, 页码 3728-3739出版社
IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
DOI: 10.1109/TPWRS.2021.3049343
关键词
Power systems; Batteries; Supercapacitors; Hybrid power systems; Power system stability; Propulsion; Generators; Optimal flow; medium voltage DC; shipboard power system; virtual resistive droop; virtual capacitive droop
资金
- U.S. Department of Defense, Office of Naval Research (ONR) [N0001420-1-2397, TPWRS-01 348-2020]
This paper proposes an optimal power flow solution for MVDC shipboard power systems with hybrid energy storage systems, utilizing virtual controllers to efficiently allocate power fluctuations and minimize operational costs of generation units. Results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed formulation in load support and energy management between storage units.
Hybrid storage system composed of battery energy storage systems (BESSs) and supercapacitors is a promising solution to mitigate the high frequency power fluctuations of pulsed power loads (PPLs) in medium voltage DC (MVDC) shipboard power systems. Due to the presence of multiple storage units, a power sharing algorithm needs to be considered within the energy management system (EMS) in the shipboard power system. In this paper, an optimal power flow problem is formulated for MVDC shipboard power systems with hybrid energy storage systems. Battery energy storage systems (BESSs) and conventional generation units are enhanced with virtual resistive droop controllers to share the steady-state power fluctuations. Supercapacitors are enhanced with virtual capacitive droop controllers to share the high frequency fluctuations in the load. The optimal flow accounts for minimizing the operational cost of the generation units in the shipboard power system considering the constraints of network, load balance, voltage profile, and power/energy limits. Second-order cone programming (SOCP) relaxation is used to approximate the nonconvexity of the optimal flow formulation and necessary conditions for global optimality of the solution are discussed. Results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed formulation in load support and managing the energy between storage units.
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