期刊
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INTELLIGENT TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS
卷 22, 期 7, 页码 3975-3986出版社
IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
DOI: 10.1109/TITS.2020.3002712
关键词
Hierarchical blockchain; federated learning; knowledge sharing
资金
- National Key Research and Development Program of China [2018YFE0117500]
- Science and Technology Program of Sichuan Province, China [2019YFH0007]
- EU H2020 Project COSAFE [MSCA-RISE-2018-824019]
This paper proposes a hierarchical blockchain framework and a hierarchical federated learning algorithm for knowledge sharing among vehicles, ensuring the security and privacy of knowledge while improving sharing efficiency and learning quality.
Internet of Vehicles (IoVs) is highly characterized by collaborative environment data sensing, computing and processing. Emerging big data and Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies show significant advantages and efficiency for knowledge sharing among intelligent vehicles. However, it is challenging to guarantee the security and privacy of knowledge during the sharing process. Moreover, conventional AI-based algorithms cannot work properly in distributed vehicular networks. In this paper, a hierarchical blockchain framework and a hierarchical federated learning algorithm are proposed for knowledge sharing, by which vehicles learn environmental data through machine learning methods and share the learning knowledge with each others. The proposed hierarchical blockchain framework is feasible for the large scale vehicular networks. The hierarchical federated learning algorithm is designed to meet the distributed pattern and privacy requirement of IoVs. Knowledge sharing is then modeled as a trading market process to stimulate sharing behaviours, and the trading process is formulated as a multi-leader and multi-player game. Simulation results show that the proposed hierarchical algorithm can improve the sharing efficiency and learning quality. Furthermore, the blockchain-enabled framework is able to deal with certain malicious attacks effectively.
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