Antenna-on-Package Design: Achieving Near-Isotropic Radiation Pattern and Wide CP Coverage Simultaneously

Internet of Things (IoT) applications require orientation insensitive wireless devices to maintain stable and reliable communication as well as the localization capability using the global positioning system (GPS). For those reasons, antennas providing near-isotropic radiation pattern with wide circularly polarized (CP) coverage are high in demand for IoT applications. In this work, we derive conditions for 3-D antenna on package (AoP), through a combination of three orthogonal dipoles model and particle swarm optimization (PSO) technique to achieve near-isotropic radiation pattern and wide CP coverage simultaneously. Design guidelines have been provided, and a practical AoP has been designed on a 3-D cube package by following this guideline. A prototype has been fabricated and the measured results demonstrate an isotropy of similar to 93% and CP coverage of similar to 18%, which matches well with the predicted results from the theoretical analysis as well as the full-wave electromagnetic simulations.

Automated summary

This work presents a 3-D antenna on package (AoP) designed using a combination of three orthogonal dipoles model and particle swarm optimization technique, which can achieve near-isotropic radiation pattern and wide CP coverage simultaneously, providing important technical support for IoT applications.