From Security to Resilience: Technical and Regulatory Options to Manage Extreme Events in Low-Carbon Grids

Extreme events are increasingly affecting power systems worldwide, calling for new and effective ways to deal with these so-called high-impact, lowprobability (HILP) events. The situation is exacerbated by a transition to low-carbon grids. These systems are dominated by inverter-based resources, including different types of variable renewable energy (VRE) sources and distributed energy resources (DERs), and are characterized by higher operational uncertainty and a risk profile that is correspondingly difficult to assess.

Automated summary

Extreme events are increasingly affecting power systems worldwide, requiring new and effective ways to deal with these high-impact, low-probability events. The transition to low-carbon grids, with systems dominated by inverter-based resources, including various types of variable renewable energy sources and distributed energy resources, has further complicated the assessment of operational uncertainty and risk profiles.