Temperature and Different Organs Create Volatile Profile Differences of Edible Gynura [Gynura bicolor (Roxb. ex Willd.) DC]

The volatile profile of the edible vegetable Gynura bicolor [Gynura bicolor (Roxb. ex Willd.) DC] was analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Isocaryophyllene (23.2%), alpha-pinene (16.8%), alpha-humulene (9.1%), beta-pinene (7.3%), and copaene (7.0%) were identified as the major compounds in the leaves. In the stems, alpha-pinene (27.1%), beta-pinene (13.0%), isocaryophyllene (7.8%), beta-myrceneb (7.8%), 1-undecene (5.7%), and copaene (5.3%) were the main components. G. bicolor grows best at 25 degrees C. When cultivated at different temperatures (20 to 35 degrees C in incements of 5 degrees C), the volatile profiles shifted. The proportion of isocaryophyllene was lower at 20 degrees C than at the other temperatures. The relative amounts of alpha-pinene and alpha-humulene were highest at 20 degrees C, whereas copaene was highest at 35 degrees C. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to explore the correlation between volatile compounds identified from the vegetative tissues and temperature treatments. It reveals the same trend with the previous statements and the first principal component (PC1) and the second principal component (PC2) explains up to 90% of the variance. Experimental results revealed that both temperature and vegetative organ correlate with the volatile emission profile of G. bicolor.

Automated summary

Analyzing the volatile profile of the edible plant Gynura bicolor revealed shifts in composition at different temperatures, with temperature and vegetative organ both correlating with the volatile emission profile. Principal component analysis showed that the first and second principal components explained up to 90% of the variance in the volatile compounds identified in the vegetative tissues and temperature treatments.