The role of follicular anti-Mullerian hormone in women undergoing IVF/ICSI with regard to size, oocyte presence, sociodemographic parameters, treatment variables, and other hormones and vitamins

Aims The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between follicular anti-Mullerian hormone (fAMH) regarding follicle size, the presence of an oocyte, sociodemographic parameters, and other hormones and vitamins in follicular fluid. Materials and methods This prospective exploratory cohort study included 376 follicles from 61 women undergoing IVF/ICSI cycles. The size of each follicle was measured individually, and they were divided into a large and a small group according to their size. The presence of oocytes was detected on the day of oocyte retrieval. Sociodemographic factors were documented during the course of preliminary testing. Then, other parameters of patients' serum and follicular fluid were measured. Results Small follicles contained a significantly higher concentration of fAMH than large ones did. We showed that the presence of an oocyte in a follicle is associated with a significantly higher fAMH level than in those without one (p < .001). There exists a significant but weak correlation between fAMH and the sociodemographic parameter of patients' age (r = -0.11, p < .001). We did not find a correlation with the patients' BMI (r = 0.03, p < .006). We also investigated the connections between fAMH and other parameters, such as vitamin D (r = -0.13, p < .001), LH (r = 0.35, p < .001)), and progesterone (r = -0.21, p < .001) in follicular fluid. Conclusions This knowledge can be useful for the future development of reproductive medicine. Our results can provide an important building block for this matter.

Automated summary

The study evaluated the relationship between fAMH and various factors in follicular fluid, finding that small follicles had higher fAMH levels and the presence of oocytes in a follicle was associated with higher fAMH levels. There was a weak correlation between fAMH and patients' age, but no correlation with BMI. Additionally, fAMH showed associations with vitamin D, LH, and progesterone levels in follicular fluid.