期刊
GENOME BIOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
卷 13, 期 9, 页码 -出版社
OXFORD UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1093/gbe/evab206
关键词
Staphylococcus; coagulase-negative; genome; horizontal gene transfer; recombination
资金
- National Institutes of Health (NIH) [1R35GM142924]
- College of Arts and Sciences of the University at Albany, State University of New York
- University of New Hampshire Graduate School Dissertation Year Fellowship
Members of the genus Staphylococcus have been historically classified into coagulase-positive and coagulase-negative based on the presence of the coagulase protein. While horizontal gene transfer has been well-studied in CoPS species like Staphylococcus aureus, this study sheds light on the importance of these processes in CoNS evolution. CoNS species serve as reservoirs of transferrable genes associated with antimicrobial resistance, with certain species acting as hubs of gene flow and genetic diversity for the entire genus.
Members of the gram -positive bacterial genus Staphylococcus have historically been classified into coagulase-positive Staphylococcus (CoPS) and coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (CoNS) based on the diagnostic presentation of the coagulase protein. Previous studies have noted the importance of horizontal gene transfer (HGT) and recombination in the more wellknown CoPS species Staphylococcus aureus, yet little is known of the contributions of these processes in CoNS evolution. In this study, we aimed to elucidate the phylogenetic relationships, genomic characteristics, and frequencies of HGT in CoNS, which are now being recognized as major opportunistic pathogens of humans. We compiled a data set of 1,876 publicly available named CoNS genomes. These can be delineated into 55 species based on allele differences in 462 core genes and variation in accessory gene content. CONS species are a reservoir of transferrable genes associated with resistance to diverse classes of antimicrobials. We also identified nine types of the mobile genetic element SCCmec, which carries the methicillin resistance determinant mecA. Other frequently transferred genes included those associated with resistance to heavy metals, surface -associated proteins related to virulence and biofilm formation, type VII secretion system, iron capture, recombination, and metabolic enzymes. The highest frequencies of receipt and donation of recombined DNA fragments were observed in Staphylococcus capitis, Staphylococcus caprae, Staphylococcus hominis, Staphylococcus haemolyticus, and members of the Saprophyticus species group. The variable rates of recombination and biases in transfer partners imply that certain CoNS species function as hubs of gene flow and major reservoir of genetic diversity for the entire genus.
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