Precision oncology: a clinical and patient perspective

Lay abstract Precision oncology offers individualized treatment of cancer on a per-patient basis, based on the unique DNA fingerprint of a patient's cancer. New, advanced technologies for DNA sequencing have led to rapid advancement in developing novel therapies. Decision-making tools have followed pace, leading to improved matching of therapy to patient, ultimately improving outcomes (including quality of life), building trust between patient and physician, and increasing hope for the future. Molecular characterization of tumors has shifted cancer treatment strategies away from nonspecific cytotoxic treatment of histology-specific tumors toward targeting of actionable mutations that can be found across multiple cancer types. The development of high-throughput technologies such as next-generation sequencing, combined with decision support applications and availability of patient databases, has provided tools that optimize disease management. Precision oncology has proven success in improving outcomes and quality of life, as well as identifying and overcoming mechanisms of drug resistance and relapse. Addressing challenges that impede its use will improve matching of therapies to patients. Here we review the current status of precision oncology medicine, emphasizing its impact on patients - what they understand about precision oncology medicine and their hopes for the future.

Automated summary

Precision oncology provides individualized treatment for each patient based on the unique DNA fingerprint of their cancer, with advancements in DNA sequencing technologies and decision-making tools improving therapy matching and outcomes, while increasing hope for the future. This approach has shifted cancer treatment strategies towards targeting actionable mutations found across multiple cancer types, and has proven success in improving outcomes, quality of life, and overcoming drug resistance and relapse mechanisms. Addressing challenges in its use will further improve therapy matching to patients.