Research status and future challenge for CO2 sequestration by mineral carbonation strategy using iron and steel slag

Mineral carbonation can simultaneously realize the effective treatment of CO2 and iron and steel slag; thus, it is of great significance for the low carbon and sustainable development of iron and steel industry. In this article, the researches of mineral carbonation process using iron and steel slag as feedstock are reviewed, and the carbonation reaction mechanism and the parameters affecting the reaction rate and carbonation degree are analyzed. Furthermore, the effect of different enforcement approaches, such as ultrasonic enhancement, mixed calcination, microbial enhancement, and cyclic coprocessing on mineral carbonation reaction, is introduced. The additional effects of mineral carbonation, such as solving the problem of poor volume stability of steel slag, weakening the leaching of heavy metal ions, and reducing the pH of the leachate, are also illustrated. Moreover, issues related to mineral carbonation technology that should be emphasized upon soon, such as the production of valuable products, use of industrial wastewater, aqueous phase recycling use, multiparameter coupling analysis, and research on the properties of carbonation residues, are also discussed, which contribute some perspectives to the future development of mineral carbonation of iron and steel slag.

Automated summary

Mineral carbonation is essential for the low carbon and sustainable development of the iron and steel industry by effectively treating CO2 and iron and steel slag simultaneously. The technology not only reduces carbon emissions but also improves the quality stability of steel slag and reduces the permeation of heavy metal ions, making it environmentally friendly.