期刊
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
卷 28, 期 44, 页码 62593-62604出版社
SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-14599-7
关键词
EDCs; Pigmentation; Melanin; Liver; Gonads; Sex ratio; Growth rate
资金
- Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP) [2015/12006-9, 2018/01078-7]
- Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior, Brasil (CAPES) [001]
- Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (CAPES)
- FAPESP [2014/00946-4]
- CNPq [477044/2013-1, 304552/2019-4]
Environmental pollution, particularly contamination with endocrine disrupting chemicals like 4-nonylphenol and cyproterone acetate, plays a significant role in amphibian population decline. Exposure to these chemicals can trigger toxic and endocrine disrupting effects, leading to impaired growth rates in tadpoles and juveniles. Further research on the sublethal effects of different dosages of these compounds on native species is necessary to address concerns related to contamination.
Environmental pollution plays an important role in amphibian population decline. Contamination with endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) is particularly worrying due to their capacity to adversely affect organisms at low doses. We hypothesized that exposure to EDCs such as 4-nonylphenol (NP) and cyproterone acetate (CPA) could trigger responses in the liver and gonads, due to toxic and endocrine disrupting effects. Growth rate may also be impaired by contamination. We investigated sublethal effects of a 28-day exposure to three different concentrations of NP and CPA on liver pigmentation, gonadal morphology, body mass, and length of tadpoles and juveniles Lithobates catesbeianus. Liver pigmentation and the gonadal morphologies of treated tadpoles did not differ from control, but growth rate was impaired by both pollutants. Juveniles treated with 10 mu g/L NP and 0.025 and 0.25 ng/L CPA displayed increased liver melanin pigmentation, but gonadal morphologies, sex ratios, and body mass were not affected after treatments. The increase in liver pigmentation may be related to defensive, cytoprotective role of melanomacrophages. The decreased growth rate in tadpoles indicates toxic effects of NP and CPA. Thus, contamination with NP and CPA remains a concern and sublethal effects of different dosages of the compounds on native species should be determined.
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