期刊
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
卷 55, 期 12, 页码 8247-8257出版社
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c07674
关键词
renewable energy; renewable hydrogen; power-to-liquid; electrofuel; life cycle analysis
资金
- Eni S.p.A. through the MIT Energy Initiative
Power-to-liquids are a promising class of liquid fuels that have the potential to reduce transportation's climate impacts, with the hybrid PBtL pathway being identified as the most environmentally and economically promising option for electrofuel production.
Power-to-liquids are a class of liquid drop-in fuels produced from electricity and carbon dioxide as the primary process inputs, which have the potential to reduce transportation's climate impacts. We quantify the economic and life cycle environmental characteristics of four electrofuel technology pathways that rely on the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis but produce synthesis gas via different schemes: power-to-liquid (PtL) via electrolysis and a reverse water gas shift (RWGS) reaction; PtL via co-electrolysis; gasification of biomass-to-liquid (BtL); and a hybrid power- and biomass-to-liquid (PBtL) pathway. The results indicate that the hybrid PBtL pathway is the most environmentally and economically promising option for electrofuel production, with results highly dependent on input electricity source characteristics such as cost and emissions. The carbon intensities of electricity generation that must not be exceeded for electrofuels to have lower life cycle emissions than conventional diesel are 222, 116, and 143 gCO(2)e/kWh for PBtL, PtL electrolysis + RWGS, and PtL co-electrolysis, respectively. We characterize the PBtL pathway in more detail by combining spatially resolved data on biomass cultivation, electricity generation, and cost-optimized hydrogen production from renewable electricity in the United States (US). We find that the private emissions abatement cost for PBtL fuels varies between 740 and 2000 $/tCO(2)e, depending primarily on the location of fuel production.
作者
我是这篇论文的作者
点击您的名字以认领此论文并将其添加到您的个人资料中。
推荐
暂无数据