Novel hybrid coupling of ecohydrology and socioeconomy at river basin scale: A watershed system model for the Heihe River basin

Watershed system models are important tools for understanding complex watershed systems and integrated river basin management. However, there are very few models that can represent the coevolution of water, ecology and socioeconomic system at the river basin scale. In this study, a watershed system model was developed using the case of the Heihe River basin (HRB), a typical endorheic river basin in Northwest China. The model is mainly composed of an integrated ecohydrological model, a socioeconomic model, and two interface models. It has been embedded into a decision support system using the surrogate modeling technique. The watershed system model proved to be reliable in simulating multiple eco-hydrological processes, and showed good abilities in exploring the trajectories and interactions of water, ecology and socioeconomy. This study advances our understanding of the water-land-air-plant-human nexus at the watershed scale, and has great implications for sustainable developments in endorheic river basins.

Automated summary

Watershed system models are important for understanding complex river basin systems. The study developed a watershed system model for the Heihe River basin in Northwest China, which proved reliable in simulating eco-hydrological processes and exploring interactions between water, ecology, and socioeconomy. This research contributes to a better understanding of the nexus between water, land, air, plants, and humans at the watershed scale and has implications for sustainable development in endorheic river basins.