期刊
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
卷 237, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.enconman.2021.114095
关键词
PEM Fuel cell; Converging-diverging channel; Limiting current; Neutron radiography; Oxygen transport
资金
- University of California Merced
- Commission on Higher Education - Philippine California Advanced Research Institutes (CHED-PCARI) of the Republic of the Philippines [IIID 2017-18]
- NIST
- Physical Measurement Laboratory
The study compared four flow channel designs in proton exchange membrane fuel cells, finding that the three-dimensional nozzle design outperformed the others with higher peak power density and better water management capability.
The flow channel design in a proton exchange membrane fuel cell is critical for transporting reactant gases and removing product water efficiently. Herein, we proposed and performed a comprehensive study of four flow channel designs: straight, wavy, 2D-Nozzle, and the novel 3D-Nozzle. Using the limiting current method, we discovered that the oxygen transport resistance of straight, wavy, and 2D-Nozzle designs are similar confirming the diffusive transport mechanism. In contrast, the oxygen transport resistance of the 3D-Nozzle design is significantly less than that of the other three designs due to the channel-induced convective flux in the gas diffusion layer. As a result, the peak power density of the 3D-Nozzle design is 25% higher than all other designs. The in situ neutron images confirm that the 3D-Nozzle design has less and more evenly distributed water than the straight channel design. Lastly, the simulation results using a three-dimensional finite element COMSOL model show notable in-plane and through-plane convective flux in the gas diffusion layer promoting oxygen and liquid water transfer. The combined experimental and simulation results validate that the novel three-dimensional converging?diverging channel design provides superior water management capability, which in turn improve the performance and robustness of a fuel cell.
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