General design of N-way Bagley power dividers with arbitrary unequal output power splitting ratios using a new iterative algorithm

The general design of N-way Bagley Power Divider (BPD) with unequal output power splitting ratio is presented through this paper for the first time. Design equations are systematically derived based on microwave engineering, transmission line, and circuit theories after considering perfect input port matching (theoretically S-11 = 0). An iterative algorithm for computing the characteristic impedances of the lines between adjacent output ports and the scattering parameters (S-parameters) for N-way BPD design is developed in this article. For validation, two multi-port examples, 11-way BPD and 13-way BPD are presented to confirm the design procedure. S-parameters have been calculated theoretically and using the presented algorithm to find the value of the design impedances. After that, these values are evaluated using both ADS and HFSS. A detailed flowchart is given through this paper to implement this N-way BPD iterative algorithm for any output port number (N). A very good agreement between theoretical, simulated, and experimental results is noted. This indicates the accuracy of the presented algorithm and the derived design equations. Besides, it gives the flexibility to design BPDs with any odd number of output ports for arbitrary output power splitting ratio, which is considered as a tangible additive in BPD design.

Automated summary

This paper presents the general design of N-way Bagley Power Divider (BPD) with unequal output power splitting ratio, deriving design equations systematically and developing an iterative algorithm for computing characteristic impedances and scattering parameters. Two multi-port examples validate the design process, showing good agreement between theoretical calculations and experimental results. The iterative algorithm provides flexibility to design BPDs with any odd number of output ports for arbitrary output power splitting ratio, with high accuracy and consistency across different methods of evaluation.