Mental health treatment use among cannabis users aged 50+: Associations with cannabis use characteristics

Background: This study examined associations of mental health treatment use and perceived treatment need with cannabis use characteristics (medical vs. nonmedical use, initiation age, use frequency, and cannabis use disorder) among past-year cannabis users aged 50+. Methods: Data came from the 2015-2019 National Survey of Drug Use and Health (N = 44,007). After comparing past-year cannabis users with nonusers and nonmedical users with medical users on sociodemographic and health-related factors, the research questions were examined with logistic regression models. Results: In addition to mental disorders, medical use, compared to nonmedical use, was associated with higher odds of psychotherapeutic prescription medication use (AOR = 1.47, 95 % CI = 1.07-2.01) and any mental health treatment (prescription medication, outpatient care and/or inpatient care) (AOR = 1.51, 95 % CI = 1.13-2.03). Compared to 1-29 days of use, nonmedical users who used on 100-199 days (AOR = 0.60, 95 % CI = 0.40-0.89) and medical users who used on 200-365 days users (AOR = 0.48, 95 % CI = 0.26-0.87) had lower odds of treatment receipt. Factors associated with increased odds of receiving treatment included discussion with a healthcare professional about drug use, higher education, and having health insurance. Other illicit drug use, chronic illnesses, and female gender were associated with higher odds of perceived treatment need, while having health insurance was associated with lower odds. Conclusions: Some older adults may use medical cannabis as an adjunct to professional mental health treatment while others may use it as a substitute. Affordability and accessibility gaps followed by cultural and personal sense of stigma and self-sufficiency beliefs appear to be barriers to receiving professional care.

Automated summary

Among past-year cannabis users aged 50+, medical cannabis use is associated with higher odds of receiving psychotherapeutic and mental health treatments compared to nonmedical use, while nonmedical users with higher usage frequency and medical users with lower usage frequency have lower odds of treatment receipt. Factors such as discussion with healthcare professionals, higher education, and health insurance are associated with increased odds of receiving treatment.