Cyclical endometrial repair and regeneration

Uniquely among adult tissues, the human endometrium undergoes cyclical shedding, scar-free repair and regeneration during a woman's reproductive life. Therefore, it presents an outstanding model for study of such processes. This Review examines what is known of endometrial repair and regeneration following menstruation and parturition, including comparisons with wound repair and the influence of menstrual fluid components. We also discuss the contribution of endometrial stem/progenitor cells to endometrial regeneration, including the importance of the stem cell niche and stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles. Finally, we comment on the value of endometrial epithelial organoids to extend our understanding of endometrial development and regeneration, as well as therapeutic applications.

Automated summary

The human endometrium undergoes unique repair and regeneration processes during a woman's reproductive life, making it an excellent model for study. Endometrial stem/progenitor cells play a crucial role in regeneration, along with the stem cell niche and stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles. Endometrial epithelial organoids are valuable in expanding our understanding of endometrial development and regeneration, as well as potential therapeutic applications.