期刊
DEVELOPMENT
卷 148, 期 18, 页码 -出版社
COMPANY BIOLOGISTS LTD
DOI: 10.1242/dev.199716
关键词
Drosophila oogenesis; Germline stem cells; Spectrosome; Centrosome separation; Stem cell division; Live imaging
资金
- Spanish Agencia Estatal de Investigacion [PGC2018-097115-B-I00, MDM-2016-0687]
- European Regional Development Fund
- Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas
By studying Drosophila female germline stem cells, researchers found that the spectrosomes within GSCs and cystoblasts undergo shape changes depending on the cell cycle phase and are essential for spindle orientation during mitosis. The asymmetric division of GSCs is influenced by the niche environment, as demonstrated by symmetric division of GSC-like cells located outside the niche.
Drosophila female germline stem cells (GSCs) are found inside the cellular niche at the tip of the ovary. They undergo asymmetric divisions to renew the stem cell lineage and to produce sibling cystoblasts that will in turn enter differentiation. GSCs and cystoblasts contain spectrosomes, membranous structures essential for orientation of the mitotic spindle and that, particularly in GSCs, change shape depending on the cell cycle phase. Using live imaging and a fusion protein of GFP and the spectrosome component Par-1, we follow the complete spectrosome cycle throughout GSC division and quantify the relative duration of the different spectrosome shapes. We also determine that the Par-1 kinase shuttles between the spectrosome and the cytoplasm during mitosis and observe the continuous addition of new material to the GSC and cystoblast spectrosomes. Next, we use the Fly-FUCCI tool to define, in live and fixed tissues, that GSCs have a shorter G1 compared with the G2 phase. The observation of centrosomes in dividing GSCs allowed us to determine that centrosomes separate very early in G1, before centriole duplication. Furthermore, we show that the anterior centrosome associates with the spectrosome only during mitosis and that, upon mitotic spindle assembly, it translocates to the cell cortex, where it remains anchored until centrosome separation. Finally, we demonstrate that the asymmetric division of GSCs is not an intrinsic property of these cells, as the spectrosome of GSC-like cells located outside of the niche can divide symmetrically. Thus, GSCs display unique properties during division, a behaviour influenced by the surrounding niche.
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