Rapid Improvement of Itch Associated With Atopic Dermatitis With Abrocitinib Is Partially Independent of Overall Disease Improvement: Results From Pooled Phase 2b and 3 Monotherapy Studies

Background: Itch, the most bothersome symptom in atopic dermatitis, is largely mediated by pruritogenic cytokines via Janus kinase 1 signaling in cutaneous sensory neurons. Objectives: The aims of the study were to assess the magnitude and rapidity of itch relief with the Janus kinase 1 selective inhibitor abrocitinib and to evaluate the extent to which the effect of abrocitinib on itch relief is independent of overall disease improvement. Methods: Pooled data from 1 phase 2b (NCT02780167) and 2 phase 3 (NCT03349060, NCT03575871) double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled monotherapy trials in moderate to severe atopic dermatitis (N = 942) were analyzed. Results: Abrocitinib produced significant and clinically meaningful itch relief versus placebo from week 2 through week 12 (end of treatment) that was associated with marked sleep and quality-of-life improvements. Mean percentage reductions in itch scores 24 hours after the first dose were greater for both abrocitinib doses (200 and 100 mg) versus placebo. Itch improvement occurred regardless of baseline itch severity, sex, race, body mass index, or Investigator Global Assessment response, suggesting that abrocitinib-associated itch relief is at least partially independent of overall disease improvement. Conclusions: Abrocitinib showed a rapid and profound antipruritic effect, partially independent of improvement in overall disease.

Automated summary

The study demonstrated that abrocitinib significantly relieved itch in moderate to severe atopic dermatitis patients, with improvements in sleep and quality of life. The antipruritic effects of abrocitinib were independent of baseline itch severity, sex, race, body mass index, or overall disease improvement, suggesting a unique mechanism of action.