Nutrient uptake behavior of peanut under optimum fertilization management in China

Balanced fertilization is one of the most critical management factors for attaining high yields. Assessing pod yield and plant nutrient demand can provide theoretical guidance for fertilization management of high yielding peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.). Following this rationale, a large dataset was collected from field experiments (n = 313) across the main peanut planting regions of China for a period spanning from 2000 to 2019 to evaluate nutrient uptake behavior of peanut under current optimum fertilization management. Across the entire dataset, the results showed that average peanut pod yield and harvest index (HI) were 4.5 Mg ha(-1) and .54, respectively. The average peanut nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) requirements were of 48, 7.1, and 21 kg Mg-1 pod yield, respectively. Across five ranges of pod yields (<3, 3-4, 4-5, 5-6, and >6 Mg ha(-1)), both nutrient uptake and HI increased with increasing pod yield. The N and K requirements (kg Mg-1) decreased with increasing pod yield, respectively, mainly due to reductions in pod N and K concentrations. The P requirement increased with yield, attributed to an increase in straw P concentration as P luxury uptake occurs under high pod yield.

Automated summary

Based on a large dataset from field experiments in China, it was found that peanut pod yield and harvest index increased with increasing pod yield, while the nitrogen and potassium requirements decreased with increasing pod yield, and the phosphorus requirement increased with yield.