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Recognizing Vaccine-Induced Immune Thrombotic Thrombocytopenia

CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE (2022)

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Editorial Material Medicine, General & Internal

Covid-19: European countries suspend use of Oxford-AstraZeneca vaccine after reports of blood clots

Jacqui Wise

BMJ-BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL (2021)

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Article Immunology

Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis and thrombocytopenia after COVID-19 vaccination-A report of two UK cases

Puja R. Mehta et al.

Summary: Recent reports have highlighted rare cases of CVST and thrombocytopenia following Vaxzevria vaccination. An immunological mechanism similar to HIT, but without prior heparin exposure, is suspected. Management of such cases involves PF4 antibody testing and treatment similar to HIT.

BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY (2021)

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Article Hematology

Successful treatment of vaccine-induced prothrombotic immune thrombocytopenia (VIPIT)

Johannes Thaler et al.

Summary: In cases of VIPIT following ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccination, early initiation of treatment can effectively reduce the risk of thrombosis and lead to rapid improvement in the patient's health without thrombotic complications.

JOURNAL OF THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS (2021)

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Letter Medicine, General & Internal

Thromboembolism and the Oxford-AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine: side-effect or coincidence?

Soren Dinesen Ostergaard et al.

LANCET (2021)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Pathologic Antibodies to Platelet Factor 4 after ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 Vaccination

Marie Scully et al.

Summary: 23 cases of thrombotic thrombocytopenia were reported after receiving the AstraZeneca vaccine, incited by antibodies to platelet factor 4 and unrelated to heparin therapy. Avoidance of platelet transfusion and consideration of nonheparin anticoagulant and intravenous immune globulin are recommended for treatment.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2021)

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Letter Medicine, General & Internal

Thrombotic Thrombocytopenia after Ad26.COV2.S Vaccination

Kate-Lynn Muir et al.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2021)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Thrombosis and Thrombocytopenia after ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 Vaccination

Nina H. Schultz et al.

Summary: This study reports five cases of venous thrombosis and thrombocytopenia occurring 7 to 10 days after receiving the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine, suggesting a rare vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia. The condition, which can lead to catastrophic outcomes such as cerebral venous sinus thrombosis, may be treated with intravenous immune globulin.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2021)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Thrombotic Thrombocytopenia after ChAdOx1 nCov-19 Vaccination

Andreas Greinacher et al.

Summary: After vaccination with ChAdOx1 nCov-19, rare immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia can occur due to platelet-activating antibodies against PF4, resulting in various thrombotic events. Most patients in this case series were women, with fatal outcomes such as cerebral venous thrombosis and intracranial hemorrhage. Additional studies are needed to further investigate and understand this phenomenon.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2021)

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Letter Medicine, General & Internal

Thrombotic Thrombocytopenia after Ad26.COV2.S Vaccination - Response from the Manufacturer

Jerald Sadoff et al.

Summary: The manufacturer responds to recent reports of thrombosis and severe thrombocytopenia in recipients of the Ad26.COV2.S vaccine.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2021)

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News Item Multidisciplinary Sciences

Side effect worry grows for AstraZeneca vaccine

Gretchen Vogel et al.

Summary: Some countries are limiting vaccine shots to older individuals as investigations into clotting disorders continue.

SCIENCE (2021)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Adjunct Immune Globulin for Vaccine-Induced Immune Thrombotic Thrombocytopenia

Alex Bourguignon et al.

Summary: High-dose intravenous immune globulin (IVIG) combined with anticoagulation is recommended for the treatment of vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia (VITT), showing a good response in reducing antibody-induced platelet activation, particularly in cases of VITT induced by ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2021)

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Letter Hematology

Cerebral venous thrombosis and thrombocytopenia post-COVID-19 vaccination

Massimo Franchini et al.

THROMBOSIS RESEARCH (2021)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Adjunct Immune Globulin for Vaccine-Induced Immune Thrombotic Thrombocytopenia

Alex Bourguignon et al.

Summary: The use of high-dose IVIG plus anticoagulation is recommended for the treatment of VITT, a rare side effect of adenoviral vector vaccines against Covid-19. Response to IVIG therapy in VITT patients showed reduced platelet activation and improvement in symptoms.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2021)

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Review Hematology

Evolving concepts of pathogenesis of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia: Diagnostic and therapeutic implications

Beng H. Chong

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF LABORATORY HEMATOLOGY (2020)

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Review Neurosciences

Cerebral venous thrombosis in Argentina: clinical presentation, predisposing factors, outcomes and literature review

Matias Alet et al.

JOURNAL OF STROKE & CEREBROVASCULAR DISEASES (2020)

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Review Hematology

Autoimmune heparin-induced thrombocytopenia

A. Greinacher et al.

JOURNAL OF THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS (2017)

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Article Clinical Neurology

Cerebral venous thrombosis: continental disparities

Laith Maali et al.

NEUROLOGICAL SCIENCES (2017)

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Letter Hematology

Autoimmune HIT due to apheresis catheter heparin flushes for stem cell harvesting before autotransplantation for myeloma

Hira Mian et al.

BLOOD (2017)

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Review Hematology

Direct oral anticoagulants for treatment of HIT: update of Hamilton experience and literature review

Theodore E. Warkentin et al.

BLOOD (2017)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

A spontaneous prothrombotic disorder resembling heparin-induced thrombocytopenia

Theodore E. Warkentin et al.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2008)

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Article Hematology

Gender imbalance and risk factor interactions in heparin-induced thrombocytopenia

Theodore E. Warkentin et al.

BLOOD (2006)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Delayed-onset heparin-induced thrombocytopenia and thrombosis

TE Warkentin et al.

ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE (2001)

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