Comparison of the Effectiveness and Safety of the Oral Selective Inhibitor of Nuclear Export, Selinexor, in Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma Subtypes

The phase 2b, open-label, multicenter SADAL study evaluated single agent oral selinexor, a selective inhibitor of nuclear export (SINE) compound, in patients with diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) after >= 2 lines of systemic therapy. Similar activity was observed in GCB- and non-GCB DLBCL with a trend to higher response rates in DLBCL transformed from follicular lymphoma. Lower response rates were observed in double expressor DLBCL; higher response rates were observed in patients with baseline hemoglobin >= 10 g/dL and normal levels of C-MYC or BCL-2 expression (51%). Overall, strong single agent activity with selinexor were observed in patients with relapsed/refractory DLBCL. Background: The SADAL study evaluated oral selinexor in patients with relapsed and/or refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) after at least 2 prior lines of systemic therapy. In this post-hoc analysis, we analyzed the outcomes of the SADAL study by DLBCL subtype to determine the effects of DLBCL subtypes on efficacy and tolerability of selinexor. Patients and Methods: Data from 134 patients in SADAL were analyzed by DLBCL subtypes for overall response rate (ORR), overall survival (OS), duration of treatment response, progression-free survival, and adverse events rate. Results: ORR in the entire cohort was 29.1%, and similar in patients with germinal center (GCB) versus non-GCB DLBCL (31.7% vs. 24.2%, P = 0.45); transformed DLBCL showed a trend towards higher ORR than de novo DLBCL: 38.7% vs. 26.2% (P = 0.23). Despite similar prior treatment regimens and baseline characteristics, patients with DLBCL and normal C-MYC/BCL-2 protein expression levels had a significantly higher ORR (46.2% vs.14.8%, P = 0.012) and significantly longer OS (medians 13.7 vs. 5.1 months, hazard ratio 0.43 [95% CI, 0.23-0.77], P = 0.004) as compared with those whose DLBCL had C-MYC and BCL-2 overexpression. Among patients who had normal expression levels of either C-MYC or BCL-2 and baseline hemoglobin levels >= 10g/dL, ORR was 51.5% (n = 47), with median OS of 15.5 months and median PFS of 4.6 months. Similar rates of adverse events were noted in all subgroups. Conclusions: Overall, single agent oral selinexor showed strong responses in patients with limited treatment alternatives regardless of germinal center B-cell type or disease origin. (C) 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Automated summary

The SADAL study evaluated the use of selinexor in patients with relapsed/refractory DLBCL. DLBCL subtype, C-MYC and BCL-2 expression levels, and baseline hemoglobin levels influenced the treatment efficacy. Single agent selinexor showed positive responses in DLBCL patients in the clinical setting.