Clean technology for biochar and organic waste recycling, and utilization in apple orchard

Present study evaluated the utilization of clean technology for biochar combined with organic fertilizer in apple orchard aspect of soil organic carbon fractions and microbial community. Four treatments were performed with control (CK), rice husk biochar alone (B), bagasse fermented organic fertilizer alone (O) and biochar combined with organic fertilizer (BO). The results demonstrated that utilization of organic fertilizer integrated with biochar were obviously enhanced the total and active fractions organic carbon in the top-soil (0e20 cm), enriched the bacterial community diversity and the richest abundance presented in BO treatment with 4253 operational taxonomic unit. The visualization illustrated the superior bacterial community was affiliated with Proteobacteria (35.14%), Actinobacteria (21.34%), Acidobacteria (16.82%) and Firmicutes (14.70%). Additionally, redundancy analysis suggested the strong interaction between microorganisms and organic carbon fractions. Overall, the application of biochar combine with organic fertilizer was favorable approach in apple orchard management, attributed to the influence of essential factors by improve organic carbon and bacterial diversity especially conductive to the profitable strain proliferation. (c) 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Automated summary

The study evaluated the use of biochar and organic fertilizer in apple orchards to increase soil organic carbon and microbial diversity. Combining biochar and organic fertilizer enhanced organic carbon levels and enriched bacterial community diversity, with the biochar-organic fertilizer treatment showing the most abundant bacterial community. Redundancy analysis indicated a strong interaction between microorganisms and organic carbon fractions. Overall, the combined use of biochar and organic fertilizer is a favorable approach for apple orchard management.