期刊
CHEMICAL RECORD
卷 21, 期 12, 页码 4059-4087出版社
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202100224
关键词
Amide; Nitroarene; Aminocarbonylation; Amidation; Transamidation
资金
- CSIR, New Delhi
This review provides an overview of unconventional methods for the generation of amides, including the use of nitro compounds as amine substitutes and the formation of amides through aminocarbonylation and amidation reactions.
The ubiquity of the amide bond in functional molecules including proteins, natural products, pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals and materials provides impetus to design and develop newer strategies for the generation of this linkage. Owing to growing awareness about sustainability and development of benign strategies, the traditional route of synthesis of amides via reaction between carboxylic acids and amines in the presence of stoichiometric amount of coupling reagents is tagged to be harsh and wasteful. In one of the unconventional routes, nitro compounds are used directly as amine surrogates for preparing amides mostly via aminocarbonylation and amidation reactions. Typically, such processes involves nitroarenes owing to their propensity to transform into nitroso, hydroxylamine, diazo, hydrazine or aniline intermediates in situ under the influence of suitable catalyst or oxidant. This short review provides the comprehensive overview of these reactions including insight into the scope and their mechanisms.
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