4.6 Review

E-Cigarette Toxicology

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Article Substance Abuse

Exposure to secondhand aerosol of electronic cigarettes in indoor settings in 12 European countries: data from the TackSHS survey

Beladenta Amalia et al.

Summary: This study investigated the prevalence, duration, and determinants of exposure to secondhand aerosol from e-cigarettes in various indoor settings across 12 European countries. Results showed that 16.0% of e-cigarette non-users were exposed to SHA at least weekly, with a median exposure duration of 43 min/day. Exposure was more likely in certain groups such as men, younger age groups, higher education levels, past e-cigarette users, current smokers, those perceiving SHA harmless, and in countries with higher e-cigarette use prevalence.

TOBACCO CONTROL (2021)

Article Substance Abuse

Do JUUL and e-cigarette flavours change risk perceptions of adolescents? Evidence from a national survey

Kiersten Strombotne et al.

Summary: The study found that adolescents' perceptions of the health risks of JUULs and e-cigarettes are significantly influenced by flavor type. They generally believe that fruit flavors are less likely to cause lung cancer, have less harmful second-hand vapor, and are more addictive compared to tobacco flavors.

TOBACCO CONTROL (2021)

Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Effects of electronic cigarette aerosol exposure on oral and systemic health

Cassio Luiz Coutinho Almeida-da-Silva et al.

Summary: Conventional cigarette smoke is harmful to almost every organ in the body and is a leading cause of death in the United States and worldwide. The emergence of electronic cigarettes poses new challenges to human health, especially with the increasing trend of use among minors.

BIOMEDICAL JOURNAL (2021)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Electronic-Cigarette Use Alters Nasal Mucosal Immune Response to Live-attenuated Influenza Virus A Clinical Trial

Meghan E. Rebuli et al.

Summary: Inhalation of electronic-cigarette aerosol may cause immune suppression in the respiratory tract, altering immune responses and potentially impacting antiviral host defense functions.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY (2021)

Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Acute e-cig inhalation impacts vascular health: a study in smoking naive subjects

Shampa Chatterjee et al.

Summary: This study investigated the acute effects of nonnicotinized e-cigarette aerosol inhalation on nonsmokers, finding increased inflammation markers, decreased nitric oxide metabolites, increased reactive oxygen species, and impaired vascular function. These results suggest adverse impacts of vaping on vascular health after a single episode.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-HEART AND CIRCULATORY PHYSIOLOGY (2021)

Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

In vitro and in vivo cardiac toxicity of flavored electronic nicotine delivery systems

Obada Abouassali et al.

Summary: The study indicates that flavored electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) can have potential cardiac toxicity, affecting heart rate variability and duration of field potential in cell lines and animal models. Further research is needed to evaluate the long-term cardiac safety of these products in humans and understand the individual components' impact on cardiac toxicity.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-HEART AND CIRCULATORY PHYSIOLOGY (2021)

Article Environmental Sciences

Response to Flavored Cartridge/Pod-Based Product Ban among Adult JUUL Users: You Get Nicotine However You Can Get It

Jessica M. Yingst et al.

Summary: The study found a significant decrease in the use of mint pods and a significant increase in the use of menthol pods following the FDA ban. Qualitative data revealed themes such as switching from mint to menthol pods, refilling pods, and transitioning to other available products. Further research is needed to assess the impact of these behaviors on public health.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH (2021)

Review Physiology

Nicotine and vascular dysfunction

Anna K. Whitehead et al.

Summary: Cigarette smoking is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, but the role of nicotine in the development of CVD is not fully understood. Public awareness of smoking dangers has reduced smoking prevalence, but the use of e-cigarettes has increased due to perceived safety. This review discusses the effects of nicotine on the vasculature and calls for further research on the topic.

ACTA PHYSIOLOGICA (2021)

Review Respiratory System

E-cigarette users are associated with asthma disease: A meta-analysis

Shaojing Xian et al.

Summary: In this meta-analysis, it was found that current or former use of e-cigarettes is associated with the prevalence of asthma, particularly when used in combination with traditional cigarettes. Adult and female e-cigarette users are more closely associated with asthma. Further research with more rigorous design is needed to verify the specific relationship.

CLINICAL RESPIRATORY JOURNAL (2021)

Article Environmental Sciences

Sex Difference in the Association between Electronic Cigarette Use and Subsequent Cigarette Smoking among US Adolescents: Findings from the PATH Study Waves 1-4

Zongshuan Duan et al.

Summary: This study indicates that there is a gender difference in the association between e-cigarette use and cigarette smoking among U.S. adolescents, with boys having a higher likelihood of starting smoking due to e-cigarette use compared to girls.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH (2021)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

E-Cigarette Flavoring Chemicals Induce Cytotoxicity in HepG2 Cells

Brittany P. Rickard et al.

Summary: A study found that certain chemicals in e-cigarettes can be toxic to liver cells, with repeated exposure leading to increased cytotoxicity. This suggests that frequent vaping can cause harm to the liver.

ACS OMEGA (2021)

Article Genetics & Heredity

Pilot Study to Detect Genes Involved in DNA Damage and Cancer in Humans: Potential Biomarkers of Exposure to E-Cigarette Aerosols

Samera H. Hamad et al.

Summary: This pilot study found that vaping 20 puffs significantly alters the expression of TP53 in human tissues, and vaping behavior is an important modifier of this response. A larger study is needed to confirm these relationships.
Review Pharmacology & Pharmacy

Toxicology of flavoring- and cannabis-containing e-liquids used in electronic delivery systems

Aleksandr B. Stefaniak et al.

Summary: Electronic cigarettes have become popular among youth, especially due to the appeal of flavored e-liquids. Research indicates that inhalation of certain flavorings can pose health risks, highlighting the need for further studies on related toxicity.

PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS (2021)

Article Substance Abuse

Gender Differences in Reasons for Using Electronic Cigarettes and Product Characteristics: Findings From the 2018 ITC Four Country Smoking and Vaping Survey

Pongkwan Yimsaard et al.

Summary: There are gender differences in reasons for vaping and characteristics of the product used. Females are more likely to prioritize the harmlessness of vaping to others while males tend to focus on how vaping is less harmful than cigarettes. Additionally, females are less likely to use high-nicotine e-liquids and large-capacity tank devices.

NICOTINE & TOBACCO RESEARCH (2021)

Article Substance Abuse

Flavors Enhance Nicotine Vapor Self-administration in Male Mice

Skylar Y. Cooper et al.

Summary: The study shows that menthol and green apple flavors in e-liquids enhance self-administration behaviors in male mice, with increased rates of escalation on a fixed-ratio 1 schedule and enhanced levels of reinforcement on a fixed-ratio 3 schedule. Additionally, mice self-administered zero-nicotine green apple flavored e-liquids. These findings highlight the role of ENDS flavors in influencing vaping-related behaviors and the need for further investigation.

NICOTINE & TOBACCO RESEARCH (2021)

Article Substance Abuse

Nicotine, Cotinine, and Tobacco-Specific Nitrosamines Measured in Children's Silicone Wristbands in Relation to Secondhand Smoke and E-cigarette Vapor Exposure

Penelope J. E. Quintana et al.

Summary: This study investigated the differences in chemical concentrations in silicone wristbands worn by children exposed to secondhand smoke and vapor. The levels of nicotine and cotinine in wristbands were found to differentiate between children exposed to different types of smoke, and showed potential for sensitive detection of tobacco-related contaminants.

NICOTINE & TOBACCO RESEARCH (2021)

Review Respiratory System

E-cigarette use and respiratory disorders: an integrative review of converging evidence from epidemiological and laboratory studies

Thomas A. Wills et al.

Summary: Research has shown a significant association between e-cigarette use and asthma as well as COPD, with laboratory studies demonstrating effects on respiratory harm and susceptibility to illness. Consistency between epidemiological studies and laboratory findings indicates potential harm of e-cigarette use on respiratory health and overall well-being.

EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY JOURNAL (2021)

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Associations of electronic and conventional cigarette use with periodontal disease in South Korean adults

Wonjeong Jeong et al.

JOURNAL OF PERIODONTOLOGY (2020)

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A 6-month systems toxicology inhalation study in ApoE(-/-) mice demonstrates reduced cardiovascular effects of E-vapor aerosols compared with cigarette smoke

Justyna Szostak et al.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-HEART AND CIRCULATORY PHYSIOLOGY (2020)

Article Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Risk of Stroke With E-Cigarette and Combustible Cigarette Use in Young Adults

Tarang Parekh et al.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE (2020)

Article Medicine, General & Internal

Vaping effects on asthma: results from a web survey and clinical investigation

Alessandro Solinas et al.

INTERNAL AND EMERGENCY MEDICINE (2020)

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Pod-mod vs. conventional e-cigarettes: nicotine chemistry, pH, and health effects

Xuesi M. Shao et al.

JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY (2020)

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The EVALI and Youth Vaping Epidemics - Implications for Public Health

Brian A. King et al.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2020)

Editorial Material Medicine, General & Internal

Cornering the Suspects in Vaping-Associated EVALI

Terry Gordon et al.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2020)

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Vitamin E Acetate in Bronchoalveolar-Lavage Fluid Associated with EVALI

Benjamin C. Blount et al.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2020)

Article Critical Care Medicine

E-Cigarette or Vaping Product Use-associated Lung Injury: Developing a Research Agenda An NIH Workshop Report

Laura E. Crotty Alexander et al.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE (2020)

Article Environmental Sciences

Sex Differences in Becoming a Current Electronic Cigarette User, Current Smoker and Current Dual User of Both Products: A Longitudinal Study among Mexican Adolescents

Rosibel Rodriguez-Bolanos et al.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH (2020)

Article Substance Abuse

Overview of tobacco use transitions for population health

Andrew Hyland et al.

TOBACCO CONTROL (2020)

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Regulating Vaping - Policies, Possibilities, and Perils

Jody L. Sindelar

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2020)

Article Psychology, Developmental

Association Between Youth Smoking, Electronic Cigarette Use, and COVID-19

Shivani Mathur Gaiha et al.

JOURNAL OF ADOLESCENT HEALTH (2020)

Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

The JUUL E-Cigarette Elevates the Risk of Thrombosis and Potentiates Platelet Activation

Jean E. Montes Ramirez et al.

JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR PHARMACOLOGY AND THERAPEUTICS (2020)

Article Physiology

E-cigarette constituents propylene glycol and vegetable glycerin decrease glucose uptake and its metabolism in airway epithelial cells in vitro

M. Woodall et al.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LUNG CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR PHYSIOLOGY (2020)

Meeting Abstract Critical Care Medicine

E-CIGARETTE- OR VAPING-ASSOCIATED INTERSTITIAL LUNG INJURY WITH SUPERIMPOSED LEGIONELLA PNEUMONIA

Juliana Cackovic et al.

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Electronic-Cigarette Vehicles and Flavoring Affect Lung Function and Immune Responses in a Murine Model

Brittany N. Szafran et al.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES (2020)

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E-cigarette Use Among Middle and High School Students - United States, 2020

Teresa W. Wang et al.

MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT (2020)

Article Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Tobacco Product Use Among Adults - United States, 2019

Monica E. Cornelius et al.

MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT (2020)

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The association between statewide vaping prevalence and COVID-19

Dongmei Li et al.

PREVENTIVE MEDICINE REPORTS (2020)

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Characterization of Nicotine Salts in 23 Electronic Cigarette Refill Liquids

Arit M. Harvanko et al.

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Roberto Menicagli et al.

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Associations between public e-cigarette use and tobacco-related social norms among youth

Israel Terungwa Agaku et al.

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Electronic Cigarette Aerosol Modulates the Oral Microbiome and Increases Risk of Infection

Smruti Pushalkar et al.

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Influence of puffing conditions on the carbonyl composition of e-cigarette aerosols

Nicolas Beauval et al.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYGIENE AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH (2019)

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Deregulation of Biologically Significant Genes and Associated Molecular Pathways in the Oral Epithelium of Electronic Cigarette Users

Stella Tommasi et al.

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Nicotine arms race: JUUL and the high-nicotine product market

Robert K. Jackler et al.

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Identification of Cytotoxic Flavor Chemicals in Top-Selling Electronic Cigarette Refill Fluids

My Hua et al.

SCIENTIFIC REPORTS (2019)

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When Less is More: Vaping Low-Nicotine vs. High-Nicotine E-Liquid is Compensated by Increased Wattage and Higher Liquid Consumption

Jorien Smets et al.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH (2019)

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Cigarette Smoking Blunts Exercise-Induced Heart Rate Response among Young Adult Male Smokers

Sri Sumartiningsih et al.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH (2019)

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Cardiovascular injury induced by tobacco products: assessment of risk factors and biomarkers of harm. A Tobacco Centers of Regulatory Science compilation

Daniel J. Conklin et al.

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Acute Effects of Electronic Cigarette Inhalation on the Vasculature and the Conducting Airways

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Common E-Cigarette Flavoring Chemicals Impair Neutrophil Phagocytosis and Oxidative Burst

Elise Hickman et al.

CHEMICAL RESEARCH IN TOXICOLOGY (2019)

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Association between Regular Electronic Nicotine Product Use and Self-Reported Periodontal Disease Status: Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Survey

Nkiruka C. Atuegwu et al.

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Review Otorhinolaryngology

E-cigarettes and head and neck cancers: A systematic review of the current literature

Susanne Flach et al.

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Chronic intermittent electronic cigarette exposure induces cardiac dysfunction and atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein-E knockout mice

Jorge Espinoza-Derout et al.

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Article Substance Abuse

I wake up and hit the JUUL: Analyzing Twitter for JUUL nicotine effects and dependence

Jaime E. Sidani et al.

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Analysis of the elements and metals in multiple generations of electronic cigarette atomizers

Monique Williams et al.

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Safety Assessment of Glycerin as Used in Cosmetics

Lillian C. Becker et al.

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Electronic-cigarette smoke induces lung adenocarcinoma and bladder urothelial hyperplasia in mice

Moon-shong Tang et al.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (2019)

Article Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging

Acute Effects of Electronic Cigarette Aerosol Inhalation on Vascular Function Detected at Quantitative MRI

Alessandra Caporale et al.

RADIOLOGY (2019)

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Widespread Sexual Dimorphism in the Transcriptome of Human Airway Epithelium in Response to Smoking

Chen Xi Yang et al.

SCIENTIFIC REPORTS (2019)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

The Effect of Flavored E-cigarettes on Murine Allergic Airways Disease

David G. Chapman et al.

SCIENTIFIC REPORTS (2019)

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Cinnamaldehyde in flavored e-cigarette liquids temporarily suppresses bronchial epithelial cell ciliary motility by dysregulation of mitochondrial function

Phillip W. Clapp et al.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LUNG CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR PHYSIOLOGY (2019)

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Adult E-Cigarettes Use Associated with a Self-Reported Diagnosis of COPD

Mario F. Perez et al.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH (2019)

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The role of flavors in vaping initiation and satisfaction among US adults

Robyn L. Landry et al.

ADDICTIVE BEHAVIORS (2019)

Article Substance Abuse

E-cigarette use and respiratory disorder in an adult sample

Thomas A. Wills et al.

DRUG AND ALCOHOL DEPENDENCE (2019)

Article Medicine, General & Internal

Association Between E-Cigarette Use and Cardiovascular Disease Among Never and Current Combustible-Cigarette Smokers

Albert D. Osei et al.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2019)

Letter Respiratory System

Association between Electronic Cigarette Use and Asthma in Never-Smokers

Mario F. Perez et al.

ANNALS OF THE AMERICAN THORACIC SOCIETY (2019)

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High concentrations of flavor chemicals are present in electronic cigarette refill fluids

Esther E. Omaiye et al.

SCIENTIFIC REPORTS (2019)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Mitochondrial Stress Response in Neural Stem Cells Exposed to Electronic Cigarettes

Atena Zahedi et al.

ISCIENCE (2019)

Article Pharmacology & Pharmacy

Is e-cigarette use associated with coronary heart disease and myocardial infarction? Insights from the 2016 and 2017 National Health Interview Surveys

Konstantinos E. Farsalinos et al.

THERAPEUTIC ADVANCES IN CHRONIC DISEASE (2019)

Article Respiratory System

Electronic cigarette vapour increases virulence and inflammatory potential of respiratory pathogens

Deirdre F. Gilpin et al.

RESPIRATORY RESEARCH (2019)

Article Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Patterns and trends of dual use of e-cigarettes and cigarettes among US adults, 2015-2018

Daniel Owusu et al.

PREVENTIVE MEDICINE REPORTS (2019)

Article Environmental Sciences

Assessment of indoor air quality at an electronic cigarette (Vaping) convention

Rui Chen et al.

JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE AND ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY (2018)

Article Substance Abuse

Trends in Tobacco Product Use Patterns Among US Youth, 1999-2014

Sherine El-Toukhy et al.

NICOTINE & TOBACCO RESEARCH (2018)

Article Environmental Sciences

Differences between Dual Users and Switchers Center around Vaping Behavior and Its Experiences Rather than Beliefs and Attitudes

Karolien Adriaens et al.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH (2018)

Review Dermatology

Propylene Glycol in Contact Dermatitis: A Systematic Review

Maria A. McGowan et al.

DERMATITIS (2018)

Article Environmental Sciences

Metal Concentrations in e-Cigarette Liquid and Aerosol Samples: The Contribution of Metallic Coils

Pablo Olmedo et al.

ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES (2018)

Article Respiratory System

E-cigarette vapour enhances pneumococcal adherence to airway epithelial cells

Lisa Miyashita et al.

EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY JOURNAL (2018)

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Chronic exposure to electronic cigarettes results in impaired cardiovascular function in mice

I. Mark Olfert et al.

JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY (2018)

Editorial Material Substance Abuse

Patterns and Correlates of Multiple Tobacco Product Use in the United States

Cassandra A. Stanton et al.

NICOTINE & TOBACCO RESEARCH (2018)

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Measurement of heating coil temperature for e-cigarettes with a top-coil clearomizer

Wenhao Chen et al.

PLOS ONE (2018)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

E-cigarette smoke damages DNA and reduces repair activity in mouse lung, heart, and bladder as well as in human lung and bladder cells

Hyun-Wook Lee et al.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (2018)

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Single, Dual, and Poly Use of Flavored Tobacco Products Among Youths

Hongying Dai

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Analytical and toxicological evaluation of flavor chemicals in electronic cigarette refill fluids

Rachel Z. Behar et al.

SCIENTIFIC REPORTS (2018)

Article Environmental Sciences

Examining Youth Dual and Polytobacco Use with E-Cigarettes

Youn Ok Lee et al.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH (2018)

Review Environmental Sciences

Perceptions and Reasons Regarding E-Cigarette Use among Users and Non-Users: A Narrative Literature Review

Kim A. G. J. Romijnders et al.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH (2018)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Evaluation of e-liquid toxicity using an open-source high-throughput screening assay

M. Flori Sassano et al.

PLOS BIOLOGY (2018)

Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Short-Term E-Cigarette Exposure Increases the Risk of Thrombogenesis and Enhances Platelet Function in Mice

Hanan Qasim et al.

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION (2018)

Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Impact of Tobacco Versus Electronic Cigarette Smoking on Platelet Function

Cristina Nocella et al.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY (2018)

Article Physiology

Comparison of the effects of e-cigarette vapor with cigarette smoke on lung function and inflammation in mice

Constantinos Glynos et al.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LUNG CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR PHYSIOLOGY (2018)

Article Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Association Between Electronic Cigarette Use and Myocardial Infarction

Talal Alzahrani et al.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE (2018)

Article Chemistry, Analytical

Surface chemistry of electronic cigarette electrical heating coils: Effects of metal type on propylene glycol thermal decomposition

Najat A. Saliba et al.

JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL AND APPLIED PYROLYSIS (2018)

Article Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Dual- and Polytobacco/Nicotine Product Use Trends in a National Sample of High School Students

Ashley L. Merianos et al.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH PROMOTION (2018)

Review Substance Abuse

Dual use of electronic cigarettes and classic cigarettes: a systematic review

Marilena Maglia et al.

ADDICTION RESEARCH & THEORY (2018)

Article Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine

Oral mucosal lesions in electronic cigarettes consumers versus former smokers

Elena Bardellini et al.

ACTA ODONTOLOGICA SCANDINAVICA (2018)

Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Sympathomimetic Effects of Acute E-Cigarette Use: Role of Nicotine and Non-Nicotine Constituents

Roya S. Moheimani et al.

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION (2017)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Health impact of E-cigarettes: a prospective 3.5-year study of regular daily users who have never smoked

Riccardo Polosa et al.

SCIENTIFIC REPORTS (2017)

Review Allergy

Electronic Cigarettes: Their Constituents and Potential Links to Asthma

Phillip W. Clapp et al.

CURRENT ALLERGY AND ASTHMA REPORTS (2017)

Article Chemistry, Medicinal

Juice Monsters: Sub-Ohm Vaping and Toxic Volatile Aldehyde Emissions

Soha Talih et al.

CHEMICAL RESEARCH IN TOXICOLOGY (2017)

Article Physiology

Flavored e-cigarette liquids and cinnamaldehyde impair respiratory innate immune cell function

Phillip W. Clapp et al.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LUNG CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR PHYSIOLOGY (2017)

Article Physiology

The effects of electronic cigarette aerosol exposure on inflammation and lung function in mice

Alexander N. Larcombe et al.

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Aldehyde Detection in Electronic Cigarette Aerosols

Mumiye A. Ogunwale et al.

ACS OMEGA (2017)

Article Physiology

E-cigarette use results in suppression of immune and inflammatory-response genes in nasal epithelial cells similar to cigarette smoke

Elizabeth M. Martin et al.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LUNG CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR PHYSIOLOGY (2016)

Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Electronic cigarettes increase endothelial progenitor cells in the blood of healthy volunteers

Lukasz Antoniewicz et al.

ATHEROSCLEROSIS (2016)

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Emissions from Electronic Cigarettes: Key Parameters Affecting the Release of Harmful Chemicals

Mohamad Sleiman et al.

ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY (2016)

Letter Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Electronic Cigarette Smoking Increases Aortic Stiffness and Blood Pressure in Young Smokers

Charalambos Vlachopoulos et al.

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY (2016)

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Pallav Pokhrel et al.

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Acute inhalation of vaporized nicotine increases arterial pressure in young non-smokers: a pilot study

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Chemical hazards present in liquids and vapors of electronic cigarettes

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ARCHIVES OF TOXICOLOGY (2014)

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Variable and potentially fatal amounts of nicotine in e-cigarette nicotine solutions

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Electronic cigarettes: overview of chemical composition and exposure estimation

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Analysis of refill liquids for electronic cigarettes

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Glycerol: Production, consumption, prices, characterization and new trends in combustion

Cesar A. G. Quispe et al.

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Mechanisms of Propylene Glycol and Triacetin Pyrolysis

Teodoro Laino et al.

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Homogeneous Oxidation Reactions of Propanediols at Low Temperatures

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Tausif Zar et al.

SEMINARS IN DIALYSIS (2007)

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Indoor time-microenvironment-activity patterns in seven regions of Europe

Christian Schweizer et al.

JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE AND ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY (2007)

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Effects of theatrical smokes and fogs on respiratory health in the entertainment industry

S Varughese et al.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL MEDICINE (2005)

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The pyrolysis of tobacco ingredients

RR Baker et al.

JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL AND APPLIED PYROLYSIS (2004)