Differential responses of resistance arterioles to elevated intraluminal pressure in blacks and whites

Black Americans have an earlier onset, higher average blood pressure, and higher rates of hypertension-related mortality and morbidity, compared to whites. The racial difference may be related to microvasculature, the major regulatory site of blood pressure. The goal of this study was to compare the response of resistance vessels to high intraluminal pressure between black and white participants. A total of 38 vessels were obtained from human fat samples [21 black, 17 white; mean age 32 +/- 12 yr and body mass index (BMI) 26.9 +/- 4.9; between-group P > 0.05] and included in this study. Internal diameter was measured in response to the flow induced by various pressure gradients (Delta 10, Delta 20, Delta 40, Delta 60, and Delta 100 cmH(2)O), and flow-induced dilation (FID) was calculated before and after high intraluminal pressure (150 cmH(2)O). Before high intraluminal pressure, RD was not different between blacks and whites (P = 0.112). After exposure to high intraluminal pressure, FID was reduced at every pressure gradient in vessels from blacks (P < 0.001), whereas FID did not change in white participants except at Delta 100 cmH(2)O. When incubated with the hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) scavenger polyethylene glycol-catalase (PEG-catalase), the FID response in vessels from black, but not white, individuals was significantly reduced and the magnitude was higher at normal pressure relative to high pressure. Our findings suggest that the vessels from self-identified black individuals are more susceptible to microvascular dysfunction following transient periods of high intraluminal pressure compared to whites and show greater dependence on H2O2 as a main contributor to FID at normal pressures. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Microvascular function regulates blood pressure and may contribute to racial differences in the incidence and prevalence of hypertension and other cardiovascular diseases. Here, we show that using an ex vivo model of resistance arterioles isolated from human gluteal fat tissue, flow-induced dilation is not different between black and white participants. However, when exposed to transient increases in intraluminal pressure, the flow-induced dilation in resistance arterioles from black participants demonstrated greater reductions relative to their white counterparts, indicating a higher sensitivity to pressure change in the microvasculature.

Automated summary

Black Americans have earlier onset and higher rates of hypertension compared to whites, potentially due to microvasculature. A study found that vessels from self-identified black individuals showed greater susceptibility to microvascular dysfunction under high intraluminal pressure and depended more on H2O2 for flow-induced dilation compared to whites.