4.7 Article

A guide for authors and readers of the American Society for Nutrition Journals on the proper use of P values and strategies that promote transparency and improve research reproducibility

期刊

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
卷 114, 期 4, 页码 1280-1285

出版社

ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqab223

关键词

transparency; reproducibility; reliability; P value; strategies

资金

  1. Baltimore VA Medical Center GRECC
  2. NIA [AG028747]
  3. NIDDK [P30 DK072488]
  4. VA RRD Grant [5I21RX003169-02]
  5. USDA [CRIS 3092-51000-060]
  6. [K24 DK104676]
  7. [P30 DK04056]
  8. [HD-085573]
  9. [HD-099080]

向作者/读者索取更多资源

This article discusses the appropriate use of P values in accordance with the scientific method, as well as increasing transparency and reproducibility in nutrition research. The proper use of P values and research transparency are crucial for building trust and ensuring the replicability of study results.
Two questions regarding the scientific literature have become grist for public discussion: 1) what place should P values have in reporting the results of studies? 2) How should the perceived difficulty in replicating the results reported in published studies be addressed? We consider these questions to be 2 sides of the same coin; failing to address them can lead to an incomplete or incorrect message being sent to the reader. If P values (which are derived from the estimate of the effect size and a measure of the precision of the estimate of the effect) are used improperly, for example reporting only significant findings, or reporting P values without account for multiple comparisons, or failing to indicate the number of tests performed, the scientific record can be biased. Moreover, if there is a lack of transparency in the conduct of a study and reporting of study results, it will not be possible to repeat a study in a manner that allows inferences from the original study to be reproduced or to design and conduct a different experiment whose aim is to confirm the original study's findings. The goal of this article is to discuss how P values can be used in a manner that is consistent with the scientific method. and to increase transparency and reproducibility in the conduct and analysis of nutrition research.

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