期刊
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
卷 114, 期 4, 页码 1280-1285出版社
ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqab223
关键词
transparency; reproducibility; reliability; P value; strategies
资金
- Baltimore VA Medical Center GRECC
- NIA [AG028747]
- NIDDK [P30 DK072488]
- VA RRD Grant [5I21RX003169-02]
- USDA [CRIS 3092-51000-060]
- [K24 DK104676]
- [P30 DK04056]
- [HD-085573]
- [HD-099080]
This article discusses the appropriate use of P values in accordance with the scientific method, as well as increasing transparency and reproducibility in nutrition research. The proper use of P values and research transparency are crucial for building trust and ensuring the replicability of study results.
Two questions regarding the scientific literature have become grist for public discussion: 1) what place should P values have in reporting the results of studies? 2) How should the perceived difficulty in replicating the results reported in published studies be addressed? We consider these questions to be 2 sides of the same coin; failing to address them can lead to an incomplete or incorrect message being sent to the reader. If P values (which are derived from the estimate of the effect size and a measure of the precision of the estimate of the effect) are used improperly, for example reporting only significant findings, or reporting P values without account for multiple comparisons, or failing to indicate the number of tests performed, the scientific record can be biased. Moreover, if there is a lack of transparency in the conduct of a study and reporting of study results, it will not be possible to repeat a study in a manner that allows inferences from the original study to be reproduced or to design and conduct a different experiment whose aim is to confirm the original study's findings. The goal of this article is to discuss how P values can be used in a manner that is consistent with the scientific method. and to increase transparency and reproducibility in the conduct and analysis of nutrition research.
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