期刊
AGEING RESEARCH REVIEWS
卷 68, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2021.101335
关键词
Astrocytes; Reactive astrocytes; Dementia; Neuroinflammation; Neurodegeneration
资金
- National Institute on Aging [RF1 AG027297, R01 AG056998]
Astrocyte reactivity is a key feature of neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's disease and other neurodegenerative conditions, with roles extending beyond classic inflammatory processes to include synapse function, brain metabolism, neurovascular coupling, and sleep/wake patterns. Understanding astrocyte signaling is leading to new drug targets and treatment approaches for dementia, potentially reshaping our understanding of AD pathophysiology.
Astrocyte reactivity is a hallmark of neuroinflammation that arises with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and nearly every other neurodegenerative condition. While astrocytes certainly contribute to classic inflammatory processes (e.g. cytokine release, waste clearance, and tissue repair), newly emerging technologies for measuring and targeting cell specific activities in the brain have uncovered essential roles for astrocytes in synapse function, brain metabolism, neurovascular coupling, and sleep/wake patterns. In this review, we use a holistic approach to incorporate, and expand upon, classic neuroinflammatory concepts to consider how astrocyte dysfunction/ reactivity modulates multiple pathological and clinical hallmarks of AD. Our ever-evolving understanding of astrocyte signaling in neurodegeneration is not only revealing new drug targets and treatments for dementia but is suggesting we reimagine AD pathophysiological mechanisms.
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