期刊
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
卷 31, 期 46, 页码 -出版社
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/adfm.202104245
关键词
cellulose nanocrystals; embedded bioprinting; fibrillar matrix; microphysiological systems; self-assembly
类别
资金
- Norte Portugal Regional Operational Program (NORTE 2020) under the PORTUGAL 2020 Partnership Agreement through the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) [NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000021]
- European Union [810850-Achilles]
- European Research Council [772817]
- Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia through doctoral program in Tissue Engineering, Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cells (TERMSC) [PD/BD/129403/2017]
- [PTDC/NAN-MAT/30595/2017]
- Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia [PD/BD/129403/2017, PTDC/NAN-MAT/30595/2017] Funding Source: FCT
The controlled self-assembly of plant-derived cellulose nanocrystals is combined with 3D bioprinting for the direct biofabrication of microphysiological systems. This approach allows high-resolution bioprinting with arbitrary geometries and tailored permeability for biomacromolecules diffusion and cellular crosstalk, holding structural stability for long-term in vitro cell maturation and offering new opportunities in regenerative medicine.
The creation of microphysiological systems like tissue and organ-on-chip for in vitro modeling of human physiology and diseases is gathering increasing interest. However, the platforms used to build these systems have limitations concerning implementation, automation, and cost-effectiveness. Moreover, their typical plastic-based housing materials are poor recreations of native tissue extracellular matrix (ECM) and barriers. Here, the controlled self-assembly of plant-derived cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) is combined with the concept of 3D bioprinting in suspension baths for the direct biofabrication of microphysiological systems embedded within an ECM mimetic fibrillar support material. The developed support CNC fluid gel allows exceptionally high-resolution bioprinting of 3D constructs with arbitrary geometries and low restrictions of bioink choice. The further induction of CNC self-assembly with biocompatible calcium ions results in a transparent biomimetic nanoscaled fibrillar matrix that allows hosting different compartmentalized cell types and perfusable channels, has tailored permeability for biomacromolecules diffusion and cellular crosstalk, and holds structural stability to support long-term in vitro cell maturation. In summary, this xeno-free nanoscale CNC fibrillar matrix allows the biofabrication of hierarchical living constructs, opening new opportunities not only for developing physiologically relevant 3D in vitro models but also for a wide range of applications in regenerative medicine.
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