期刊
ADVANCED DRUG DELIVERY REVIEWS
卷 175, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.113833
关键词
Lymphangiogenesis; Lymph nodes; Imaging; Probes; Nanomedicines; Extracellular vesicles
资金
- Spanish Ministry of Economy and Innovation [SAF201789533R]
- Melanoma Research Alliance
- Worldwide Cancer Research
- Asociacion Espanola Contra el Cancer (AECC)
- RETOS [SAF2017-82924-R (AEI/10.13039/50110001 1033/FEDERUE)]
- Fundacion Ramon Areces [HR1800256]
- Spanish Ministry of Health [AES-PIS PI18/1057]
- Fundacion BBVA-Becas Leonardo a Inves-tigadores y Creadores Culturales 2018
- Fundacion 'La Caixa'
- Cancer Research Institute Irvington Postdoctoral Fellowship
- European Union [860303]
- La Caixa Foundation [HR1800256]
- Fundacion 'La Caixa' Health Research 2019
- [RED2018102411T (AEI/10.13039/50110001 1033)]
- Marie Curie Actions (MSCA) [860303] Funding Source: Marie Curie Actions (MSCA)
Imaging of the lymphatic vasculature is crucial in understanding various diseases, particularly in cancer. Activation of lymphatic endothelial cells plays a key role in therapeutic strategies. Current research focuses on visualizing the lymphatic system through imaging technologies and targeting it with drugs.
Imaging of the lymphatic vasculature has gained great attention in various fields, not only because lymphatic vessels act as a key draining system in the body, but also for their implication in autoimmune diseases, organ transplant, inflammation and cancer. Thus, neolymphangiogenesis, or the generation of new lymphatics, is typically an early event in the development of multiple tumor types, particularly in aggressive ones such as malignant melanoma. Still, the understanding of how lymphatic endothelial cells get activated at distal (pre)metastatic niches and their impact on therapy is still unclear. Addressing these questions is of particular interest in the case of immune modulators, because endothelial cells may favor or halt inflammatory processes depending on the cellular context. Therefore, there is great interest in visualizing the lymphatic vasculature in vivo. Here, we review imaging tools and mouse models used to analyze the lymphatic vasculature during tumor progression. We also discuss therapeutic approaches based on nanomedicines to target the lymphatic system and the potential use of extracellular vesicles to track and target sentinel lymph nodes. Finally, we summarize main pre-clinical models developed to visualize the lymphatic vasculature in vivo, discussing their applications with a particular focus in metastatic melanoma. (c) 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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