Engineering the Active Sites of Graphene Catalyst: From CO2 Activation to Activate Li-CO2 Batteries

As one of the CO2 capture and utilization technologies, Li-CO2 batteries have attracted special interest in the application of carbon neutral. However, the design and fabrication of a low-cost high-efficiency cathode catalyst for reversible Li2CO3 formation and decomposition remains challenging. Here, guided by theoretical calculations, CO2 was utilized to activate the catalytic activity of conventional nitrogen-doped graphene, in which pyridinic-N and pyrrolic-N have a high total content (72.6590) and have a high catalytic activity in both CO2 reduction and evolution reactions, thus activating the reversible conversion of Li2CO3 formation and decomposition. As a result, the designed cathode has a low voltage gap of 2.13 V at 1200 mA g(-1) and long-life cycling stability with a small increase in the voltage gap of 0.12 V after 170 cycles at 500 mA g(-1). Our work suggests a way to design metal-free catalysts with high activity that can be used to activate the performance of Li-CO2 batteries.

Automated summary

This study utilized CO2 to activate the catalytic activity of nitrogen-doped graphene, enabling the design of a low-cost high-efficiency cathode catalyst for Li-CO2 batteries. The cathode exhibited a low voltage gap and long-life cycling stability, suggesting a way to design metal-free catalysts with high activity for improved Li-CO2 battery performance.