期刊
ACS NANO
卷 15, 期 6, 页码 9299-9327出版社
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c02495
关键词
photonic crystals; photonic stop band; slow light; self-assembly; optical label-free sensor; signal readout; sensitivity; limit of detection
类别
资金
- University of Twente, MST
- ZGT in The Netherlands
Photonic crystals are materials that can confine and manipulate incident light, and have been extensively studied for the development of optical sensors with high adsorption and enhanced light-matter interaction. They are mainly utilized through five sensing principles, including sensing of refractive index variations, sensing by lattice spacing variations, enhanced fluorescence spectroscopy, surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy, and configuration transitions.
Photonic crystals (PhCs) display photonic stop bands (PSBs) and at the edges of these PSBs transport light with reduced velocity, enabling the PhCs to confine and manipulate incident light with enhanced light-matter interaction. Intense research has been devoted to leveraging the optical properties of PhCs for the development of optical sensors for bioassays, diagnosis, and environmental monitoring. These applications have furthermore benefited from the inherently large surface area of PhCs, giving rise to high analyte adsorption and the wide range of options for structural variations of the PhCs leading to enhanced light-matter interaction. Here, we focus on bottom-up assembled PhCs and review the significant advances that have been made in their use as label-free sensors. We describe their potential for point-of-care devices and in the review include their structural design, constituent materials, fabrication strategy, and sensing working principles. We thereby classify them according to five sensing principles: sensing of refractive index variations, sensing by lattice spacing variations, enhanced fluorescence spectroscopy, surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy, and configuration transitions.
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