期刊
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
卷 13, 期 24, 页码 27796-27805出版社
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c02227
关键词
two-photon polymerization; water-soluble photoinitiator; biocompatibility; 3D hydrogel scaffold; carbazole derivative; host-guest interaction
资金
- National Key R&D Program of China [2017YFB1104300, 2016YFA0200500]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) [61975213, 61475164, 61205194]
- Austria, FFG [GJHZ1720]
- China, CAS [GJHZ1720]
- Chinese Academy of Sciences [GJHZ2021130]
A new kind of ionic carbazole water-soluble photoinitiator was developed for the fabrication of a 3D hydrogel structure in aqueous phase. Through the use of a CB7/BMVMC complex as the photoinitiator, a low laser threshold and high resolution for two-photon polymerization in aqueous phase were achieved. The biocompatibility of the BMVMC-CB7 complex and photoresist was demonstrated through culturing with living cells, showing potential for further application in tissue engineering.
Two-photon polymerization of a three-dimensional (3D) hydrogel structure has been widely applied in biological tissue engineering. For improving the biocompatibility of hydrogel structures, a new kind of ionic carbazole water-soluble photoinitiator was prepared to realize the fabrication of a 3D hydrogel structure in aqueous phase. 3,6-Bis[2-(1-methyl-pyridinium)vinyl]-9-methyl- carbazole diiodide (BMVMC) and cucurbit[7]uril (CB7) have been employed to generate a complex with better water solubility by host-guest interactions. The binding ratio of the complex was demonstrated to be 1:1 through the characterization of isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC). The two-photon absorption (TPA) cross section of the complex increases to 2500 GM compared with the 750 GM of the BMVMC molecule. Then, an aqueous-phase photoresist was obtained using the CB7/BMVMC complex as the photoinitiator and poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGda) as the hydrogel monomer. Two-photon fabrication capability in aqueous phase has been studied using the as-prepared photoresist. A low laser threshold of 3.7 mW as well as a high resolution of 180 nm are achieved. Benefiting from the fluorescence properties of the photoinitiator, we can achieve the confocal fluorescence images without any assistance of fluorescent probes. Subsequently, a 3D engineered hydrogel scaffold microstructure was fabricated by the two-photon polymerization technology, whose biocompatibility was demonstrated by culturing the structure with living cells of L929. The BMVMC-CB7 complex and the as-prepared photoresist are demonstrated to have good biocompatibility, which is prospective for further application in tissue engineering.
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