期刊
FOODS
卷 10, 期 4, 页码 -出版社
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/foods10040775
关键词
toxic trace elements; lead; cadmium; mercury; durum wheat; inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry; monitoring; dietary exposure
资金
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Puglia e della Basilicata (Foggia, Italy)
Durum wheat grains, commonly used in pasta and baked goods, are a major source of vegetable proteins and calories, but may also accumulate toxic trace elements. A study on durum wheat imported into the Italian market from six countries showed that while all samples met regulations, products based on durum wheat could significantly impact exposure to lead and cadmium, especially in sensitive populations.
Durum wheat grains, which are mostly used for the production of pasta and several baked goods, represent a main source of vegetable proteins and calories. Concurrently, many contaminants, including toxic trace elements, may accumulate in them, posing a potential severe hazard to human health. In this context, for official control and food safety purposes, 346 samples of whole durum wheat imported into the Italian market from six countries (Australia, Canada, Kazakhstan, Russia, Turkey, and the United States) during the period 2015-2020 were analysed for cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), and mercury (Hg) content using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). All the analysed samples were compliant with Food Agriculture Organization-World Health Organization and European Union regulations. The mean values were 0.0322 and 0.0162 mg kg(-1), respectively, for Cd and Pb, while all samples showed levels below the limit of detection (0.004 mg kg(-1)) for Hg. The results were construed in terms of seasonality, year, and country of production, and compared with reference tolerance values. Confirming previous exposure studies, the obtained data and the dietary intake assessment showed that durum wheat-based products may have a significant impact on exposure to Pb and Cd (20-50%) in the overall population, particularly in more sensitive and/or exposed subgroups (infants, toddlers, and females).
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