期刊
ANTIOXIDANTS
卷 10, 期 4, 页码 -出版社
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/antiox10040549
关键词
biomarkers; γ -glutamyltransferase; glutathione; prognosis; urologic neoplasms
Gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) is a membrane-bound enzyme that plays a critical role in the metabolism of glutathione (GSH) and has been proposed as a potential biomarker for carcinogenesis and tumor progression. Elevated serum GGT activity may indicate an increased risk of developing genitourinary cancers, such as prostate cancer.
gamma-Glutamyltransferase (GGT), a membrane-bound enzyme, contributes to the metabolism of glutathione (GSH), which plays a critical physiological role in protecting cells against oxidative stress. GGT has been proposed as a biomarker of carcinogenesis and tumor progression given that GGT activity is important during both the promotion and invasion phases in cancer cells. Moreover, GGT expression is reportedly related to drug-resistance possibly because a wide range of drugs are conjugated with GSH, the availability of which is influenced by GGT activity. While serum GGT activity is commonly used as a quick, inexpensive, yet reliable means of assessing liver function, recent epidemiological studies have shown that it may also be an indicator of an increased risk of prostate cancer development. Moreover, elevated serum GGT is reportedly an adverse prognostic predictor in patients with urologic neoplasms, including renal cell carcinoma, prostate cancer, and urothelial carcinoma, although the background mechanisms have still not been well-characterized. The present review article summarizes the possible role of GGT in cancer cells and focuses on evidence evaluation through a systematic review of the latest literature on the prognostic role of serum GGT in patients with genitourinary cancer.
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