期刊
PHARMACEUTICS
卷 13, 期 5, 页码 -出版社
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13050590
关键词
liposomes; nanomedicine; characterization; label-free; quantitative phase microscopy
资金
- European Union [766181]
- Research Council of Norway [NANO 2021-288565]
- UiT The Arctic University of Norway
- Marie Curie Actions (MSCA) [766181] Funding Source: Marie Curie Actions (MSCA)
The study identifies limitations of traditional methods, introduces QPM as a promising complementary technique, and successfully locates and tracks liposomes.
The rapid development of nanomedicine and drug delivery systems calls for new and effective characterization techniques that can accurately characterize both the properties and the behavior of nanosystems. Standard methods such as dynamic light scattering (DLS) and fluorescent-based assays present challenges in terms of system's instability, machine sensitivity, and loss of tracking ability, among others. In this study, we explore some of the downsides of batch-mode analyses and fluorescent labeling, while introducing quantitative phase microscopy (QPM) as a label-free complimentary characterization technique. Liposomes were used as a model nanocarrier for their therapeutic relevance and structural versatility. A successful immobilization of liposomes in a non-dried setup allowed for static imaging conditions in an off-axis phase microscope. Image reconstruction was then performed with a phase-shifting algorithm providing high spatial resolution. Our results show the potential of QPM to localize subdiffraction-limited liposomes, estimate their size, and track their integrity over time. Moreover, QPM full-field-of-view images enable the estimation of a single-particle-based size distribution, providing an alternative to the batch mode approach. QPM thus overcomes some of the drawbacks of the conventional methods, serving as a relevant complimentary technique in the characterization of nanosystems.
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