Metaform optics: Bridging nanophotonics and freeform optics

The demand for high-resolution optical systems with a compact form factor, such as augmented reality displays, sensors, and mobile cameras, requires creating new optical component architectures. Advances in the design and fabrication of freeform optics and metasurfaces make them potential solutions to address the previous needs. Here, we introduce the concept of a metaform-an optical surface that integrates the combined benefits of a freeform optic and a metasurface into a single optical component. We experimentally realized a miniature imager using a metaform mirror. The mirror is fabricated via an enhanced electron beam lithography process on a freeform substrate. The design degrees of freedom enabled by a metaform will support a new generation of optical systems.

Automated summary

The demand for high-resolution optical systems with compact form factors has led to the development of new optical component architectures, with advancements in freeform optics and metasurfaces offering potential solutions. The concept of a metaform, integrating the benefits of both freeform optics and metasurfaces, has been realized in a miniature imager using a metaform mirror. The design flexibility provided by metaforms is expected to support a new generation of optical systems.